Waterproofing Methods for Prefabricated Cement Houses

The waterproofing methods for prefabricated cement houses should follow the steps below to ensure long-lasting and reliable waterproofing effects:

1. Selecting Waterproofing Materials Choose materials with strong durability, water resistance, corrosion resistance, and bonding strength. Common types include:

• Organosilicon Waterproofing Agent: With strong permeability, it can form a waterproofing membrane and is suitable for base treatment.
• Cement Mortar Waterproofing Agent: Achieves waterproofing by enhancing the density of the mortar and is suitable for rigid waterproofing layers.
• Flexible Waterproofing Materials (such as membranes and coatings): Used as the first line of defense in double-layer waterproofing for rural flat-roofed houses. Ensure the base surface has a moisture content of ≤9% before construction.

2. Base Treatment and Material Preparation

• Base Cleaning: Thoroughly remove surface oil, dust, and loose particles. Repair cracks or uneven areas to ensure a flat and solid base.
• Material Inspection: Confirm that the waterproofing materials are free from sediment, clumping, or expiration. Organosilicon waterproofing agents and others should be stirred until uniformly free of particles.
• Moisture Content Control: Before applying the flexible waterproofing layer, ensure the base has a moisture content of ≤9% to prevent bonding failure due to dampness.

3. Preparing Waterproofing Materials

• Organosilicon Waterproofing Agent Ratio: Mix cement and the waterproofing agent in a 1:1 ratio, add an appropriate amount of water, and stir until a paste is formed, ensuring no clumps.
• Rigid Waterproofing Layer Ratio: When using fatty acid-based mortar waterproofing agents, mix cement, sand, and the waterproofing agent according to the instructions, controlling the thickness to 20-30 millimeters.
• Stirring Requirements: All materials should be thoroughly mixed to avoid uneven local concentrations that could affect the waterproofing effect.

4. Application and Construction

• Applying the Waterproofing Layer: Apply the prepared material in 2-3 coats, with each coat applied in a perpendicular direction to ensure a uniform coating without omissions. Details such as corners and pipe roots should be thickened.
• Double-Layer Waterproofing Construction (for rural flat-roofed houses):
  • First Flexible Waterproofing Layer: After laying the membrane or coating, conduct a water storage test (24-48 hours) to confirm no leakage.
  • Second Rigid Waterproofing Layer: After the flexible layer has dried, install dividing wooden strips to control cracks. Pour mortar or fine aggregate concrete in sequence, smooth the dividing joints after initial setting, and fill them with flexible sealing materials.

5. Curing and Inspection

• Coating Curing: After application, cure for 2-3 days, keeping it moist and avoiding direct sunlight or rapid drying.
• Water Storage Test: During inspection, fill with water for more than 24 hours to check for leakage on walls and floors.
• Long-Term Maintenance: Avoid scratching the waterproofing layer with sharp objects and regularly clean the surface. For minor leaks, repair small areas; for large-scale failure, redo the construction.

Key Tips: The thickness of the waterproofing layer, application direction, and detail treatment directly affect the effect. Strict inspection and regular checks after construction are necessary to extend the lifespan of the house.