Thermal Insulation of Prefabricated Assembly-Type Houses

Thermal insulation of prefabricated assembly-type houses primarily achieves efficient energy-saving effects through specific designs and materials. Its thermal insulation system combines structural functions with thermal performance to form a systematic solution, which can be elaborated from the following aspects:

I. Integrated Design of Structure and Thermal Insulation
Prefabricated assembly-type houses adopt a composite structure of steel mesh reinforcement for load-bearing and thermal insulation panels. For example, thermal insulation wall panels are embedded within the walls, integrating the load-bearing framework with the thermal insulation layer simultaneously. This design endows the walls with six integrated functions: load-bearing, thermal insulation, heat insulation, moisture resistance, sound insulation, and fire resistance, avoiding the thermal bridge issues caused by the separation of the thermal insulation layer and the structural layer in traditional buildings. Among them, the wall reinforcement uses round 3 cold-drawn low-carbon galvanized steel wires, forming a dense mesh structure with a 5-centimeter spacing. This not only ensures structural strength but also provides a stable attachment base for thermal insulation materials, reducing the risk of thermal insulation layer cracking caused by structural deformation.

II. Application of High-Performance Thermal Insulation Materials
The thermal insulation layer typically selects materials with low thermal conductivity and high durability, such as expanded polystyrene (EPS/XPS) panels, rock wool panels, or graphite expanded polystyrene panels. These materials are tightly integrated with the structural layer through factory prefabrication processes, forming a continuous and seamless thermal insulation system. For example, in embedded thermal insulation wall panels, the thermal insulation materials are encapsulated within a concrete protective layer, preventing damage during the construction phase and providing long-term resistance to external environmental erosion, ensuring the持久 (durable) and stable thermal insulation performance.

III. Standardized Construction Process Ensures Quality
The introduction of the "Construction Guide for Integrated Thermal Insulation and Structural Prefabricated Exterior Walls of Prefabricated Concrete Residential Buildings" standardizes the entire process from component production to on-site installation. The guide emphasizes the synchronous pouring or connection process of the thermal insulation layer and the structural layer, requiring the use of specialized sealing materials at component joints to prevent heat loss through gaps. Additionally, the construction process must strictly monitor parameters such as the thickness of the thermal insulation layer and the spacing of steel reinforcement to ensure that design requirements are implemented, achieving full-chain quality control.

IV. Energy-Saving Effects and Comprehensive Advantages
Through the above designs, prefabricated assembly-type houses can significantly reduce building energy consumption. For example, the six-in-one wall structure reduces the need for additional thermal insulation layer construction, shortening the construction period while reducing material waste. The synergistic effect of the dense steel mesh and thermal insulation materials makes the wall's thermal performance superior to that of traditional masonry structures, meeting current energy-saving standard requirements. Furthermore, the integrated design enhances the building's fire resistance rating. For instance, inorganic thermal insulation materials such as rock wool panels can achieve Class A fire resistance standards, enhancing building safety.