Prefabricated Assembled House
Prefabricated assembled houses are a form of construction that involves industrial production of building components and on-site assembly, offering advantages such as shortened construction periods and reduced pollution.
Types and Technologies
The main types of prefabricated assembled houses include panel-assembled, box-assembled, and frame-assembled structures. The technologies encompass prefabricated concrete and steel structures, with components such as beams, slabs, walls, and columns being prefabricated products. Panel-assembled buildings use prefabricated wall panels and floor slabs as core components, allowing for expanded usable area but with limitations in design flexibility. Box-assembled structures combine prefabricated functional units, increasing construction speed by 50%-70%, but requiring higher transportation and lifting equipment. Modular buildings represent a higher level of integration within prefabricated assembled construction.
Advantages and Characteristics
The core advantages lie in shortened construction periods and reduced pollution. By prefabricating components in factories, on-site assembly resembles “building with blocks.” For example, rural self-built houses using prefabricated parts can complete the main structure in 14 days. In some cases, entire houses are prefabricated in workshops and can be occupied immediately after connecting utilities on-site, significantly improving construction efficiency. Meanwhile, industrial production reduces on-site wet work, lowering dust and noise pollution. Regions like Fujian Province have established industrial bases through policy support, achieving over 70% reduction in construction waste.
Development History
China's prefabricated concrete technology began in the 1950s, initially applied to factory and residential construction. In the 1970s, driven by the “three modernizations” policy in construction, technical systems such as large-panel and box structures emerged. The mid-1980s saw a stagnation due to cost and quality issues. After the 21st century, the technology revived due to production efficiency and environmental advantages. Companies like Vanke Group developed prefabricated shear-wall residential structural systems and applied prefabricated frame technologies in projects, such as the Nanjing Jindi Yufang project using a prestressed prefabricated concrete assembled integral frame structural system.
Market Applications
Chinese-made prefabricated houses have become popular overseas. According to customs data, in the first four months of 2026, the Guangzhou Customs district exported movable houses worth 1.4 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 38.1%, indicating international market recognition of prefabricated assembled houses.
