Mobile Toilet Engineering Design
The engineering design of mobile toilets requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors such as structural layout, material selection, and functional design to ensure mobility, cost-effectiveness, durability, environmental friendliness, and compliance with relevant standards.
Structural Layout: The structural layout of mobile toilets should be reasonable and unique. For example, a layout with "four squatting positions plus one management room" can be adopted, with steps set up one meter away to create a spacious and comfortable overall space. Its basic components include fecal sewage storage tanks (or fecal sewage treatment devices), floor slabs, sanitary ware, walls, washing equipment, water tanks, roofs, and mobile devices. During the design process, full consideration should be given to the coordination and practicality of each part to ensure that users can experience convenience and comfort during use.
Material Selection: The choice of materials for mobile toilets is crucial as it directly affects the durability and service life of the toilets. Initially, mobile toilets mostly used traditional materials such as wood. However, with technological advancements, they have gradually evolved to use new materials such as fiberglass-reinforced plastic and polyethylene. These materials are not only lightweight and durable but also structurally robust, meeting the special needs of mobile toilets. For example, the mobile toilet design in Jinhua uses metal carved panels, which have a wide applicable temperature range from -35°C to 45°C and can be used normally for more than 15 years.
Functional Design: The functional design of mobile toilets should be comprehensive and user-friendly. The indoor configuration should be complete, including ceramic squatting pans, flush tanks, exhaust fans, ceiling lights, urinals, etc., to meet users' basic needs. Meanwhile, depending on the sewage treatment method, mobile toilets can be classified into various types such as water-flush and waterless-flush suction types, circulating water-flush types, and dry-packing types. During the design process, principles such as mobility, cost-effectiveness, durability, environmental friendliness, environmental benefits, efficiency improvement, and humanitarian promotion should be followed. In addition, controlling the height and width of the toilets is also an important aspect of the design, and the mobile devices should be fully considered for completeness and rationality. For example, according to the requirements of the "Classification and Evaluation of Quality Grades for Tourist Toilets" (CJJ14-2016), urinals should use cleaning systems with a water consumption of ≤1.5L, toilet washing systems should have a water consumption of ≤4L, and all faucets must use water-saving faucets to reflect the importance of water-saving technology.
