Mobile Toilet

A mobile toilet is a facility that can be moved as a whole and placed in fixed or temporary locations to provide restroom services for the public and customers.

I. Basic Composition
Mobile toilets are generally composed of fecal sewage storage tanks (or disposal units), floor slabs, sanitary ware, walls, washing equipment, water tanks, roofs, and mobile devices. Their core functional modules include an excreta collection system (such as fecal storage tanks and dry-packing devices), a water supply system (water tanks and flushing devices), and a structural support system (walls, roofs, and mobile chassis). Some high-end models are also equipped with additional functions such as intelligent monitoring, ventilation and deodorization, and solar power supply.

II. Development History
Early mobile toilets were made of wood, with a simple structure but prone to absorbing odors, resulting in poor sanitary conditions. With technological advancements, lightweight and high-strength materials such as fiberglass-reinforced plastic and polyethylene have gradually become mainstream, significantly improving durability, sealing, and corrosion resistance. For example, fiberglass-reinforced plastic can effectively block odor leakage, while polyethylene structures are easy to clean and maintain.

III. Classification Methods

1. Structural Form: Divided into single-unit structures (independent units) and composite structures (modular combinations), with the latter being able to meet the needs of large-scale events through splicing.
2. Mobility Method: Includes lifting and handling types (requiring lifting equipment), powered towing types (with their own power or towable), and manual handling types (small and lightweight).
3. Sewage Treatment:
   • Water-flushing type: Relies on water tank supply, with excreta entering the fecal storage tank, requiring regular pumping and transportation;
   • Waterless suction type: Directly sucks excreta through a vacuum pump, saving water but relying on electricity;
   • Recirculating water-flushing type: Uses biodegradation or chemical treatment technology to purify sewage, achieving water resource recycling;
   • Dry-packing type: Uses degradable bags to collect excreta, requiring no water source, suitable for water-scarce areas.

IV. Application Scenarios
Mobile toilets are widely used in scenarios such as supplementing urban public toilets, large-scale events (such as music festivals and sports events), tourist attractions, construction sites, and disaster emergency rescue. For example, in 2023, the Lanzhou Yellow River Scenic Area alleviated the insufficient layout of fixed public toilets by deploying mobile toilets.

V. Price Range
Prices vary depending on type, specification, and material:

• Customized color steel plate mobile toilets (outdoor type) cost about 300 yuan per month;
• Scenic area well-decorated environmental protection public toilets cost about 99 yuan per 11 square meters;
• High-end smart types (including showers and intelligent monitoring) can reach 475 yuan per unit.
  The cost of self-made mobile toilets is relatively low, but material safety and compliance need to be considered.