Jiashan House Maintenance - Prefabricated Panels

The maintenance of Jiashan houses involving prefabricated panels primarily includes load-bearing wall-to-beam conversion and reinforcement, as well as leak repairs.

I. Load-Bearing Wall-to-Beam Conversion and Reinforcement
Converting load-bearing walls to beams in prefabricated panel houses is a common requirement in Jiashan house maintenance, mainly targeting the renovation of load-bearing walls in hollow panel houses and cast-in-place houses, as well as the conversion from brick-and-mortar structures to frame structures. Such renovations must strictly adhere to structural safety standards, with professional designs determining the dimensions, reinforcement, and support methods of the beams to ensure that the structural load-bearing capacity meets requirements after renovation. For example, when converting load-bearing walls in hollow panel houses, attention must be paid to the connection nodes between the prefabricated panels and the new beams to prevent cracking due to uneven load transfer.

Reinforcement services address structural damage in old prefabricated panel houses, with common methods including:

1. Concrete Replacement Reinforcement Method: Suitable for beams and columns with insufficient local concrete strength, this method involves removing deteriorated concrete and pouring high-strength new concrete to restore load-bearing capacity.
2. Shear Wall Reinforcement: Adding reinforced concrete shear walls to the existing structure enhances overall lateral resistance, particularly suitable for seismic reinforcement of houses in earthquake-prone areas.
3. Beam and Column Reinforcement: Using carbon fiber sheets, steel plate wrapping, or section enlargement to enhance the flexural and shear resistance of beams and columns, extending the structural service life.

II. Leak Repairs
Leakage issues in prefabricated panel buildings often stem from aging joints or cracks in the panel surfaces, requiring repairs that combine material properties with construction techniques:

1. Main Waterproof Layer Construction: Select weather-resistant materials such as SBS modified bitumen membranes and apply them using hot-melt methods to form a full bond between the membrane and the substrate, reducing voids and water channels. During construction, flame temperature must be controlled to prevent burning through the membrane or damaging the prefabricated panels.
2. Joint Sealing Treatment: At complex areas such as internal and external corners and pipe roots, use acrylic ester waterproof coatings for enhanced treatment. This material offers excellent elasticity and adhesion, compensating for the membrane's insufficient sealing at joints and preventing leakage.
3. Crack Repair: For panel surface cracks, use pressure grouting to inject high-strength repair materials such as epoxy resin, filling the cracks and restoring structural integrity. If the cracks are wide, first chisel a V-shaped groove and fill it with waterproof mortar, then apply waterproof coating.

During the repair process, strict control over material quality and construction details is essential. For example, the overlap width of the membrane must not be less than 80mm, and the acrylic ester coating must be applied in multiple coats to the design thickness to ensure long-lasting waterproofing effects.