Waterproofing Treatment for Integrated Prefabricated Houses
Waterproofing treatment for integrated prefabricated houses requires sealing key areas such as panel joints and component connection nodes, while also considering material compatibility and construction convenience. The specific plan is as follows:
Roof Waterproofing System
The roof employs a dual-layer defense system consisting of '1.5mm thick polyurethane waterproof coating + 3mm thick self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane (polyester base)'. The waterproof coating is a water-based single-component polyurethane with a solid content ≥92% and an elongation at break ≥450%, ensuring flexibility and durability. The membrane is a sand-faced self-adhesive type with a tensile strength ≥800N/50mm and a heat resistance ≥90℃ without flowing, adapting to roof temperature variations. Supporting materials include: base treatment agent as a specialized water-based permeable primer with a drying time ≤4h; joint sealant as a low-modulus silicone weather-resistant adhesive with a displacement capacity of ±25%, adapting to minor structural deformations; additional layer as 20cm wide alkali-free fiberglass cloth with a tensile strength ≥1000N/5cm in both warp and weft directions, enhancing local crack resistance.
Exterior Wall Waterproofing System
Exterior wall panel joints adopt a two-layer waterproofing structure: the inner layer is a butyl rubber waterproof tape (thickness ≥1.5mm) providing initial sealing; the outer layer is an acrylic elastic waterproof coating (dry film thickness ≥1.2mm), which must pass 100 cycles of high-low temperature cycling tests from -20℃ to 80℃ without cracking, ensuring weather resistance. Supporting materials include: panel joint filling with high-density polyethylene foam rods (density ≥40kg/m³) to prevent excessive sealant embedding; backing material as polyethylene isolation film to avoid tape adhesion to the substrate; anchor bolt nodes using water-swellable waterstop adhesive (expansion ratio ≥300%) to fill gaps and prevent water penetration.
Interior Waterproofing System
Kitchen and Bathroom Areas: The floor uses polymer-modified cement waterproof coating (JS-II type) with a total thickness ≥1.5mm, applied in three coats; the walls use rigid waterproof mortar (water resistance grade ≥P6), with a coating height ≥1.8m in shower areas and ≥300mm in other areas. Pipe Nodes: A 20mm high concrete waterstop is set at the base of drainage risers, reinforced with cement-based capillary crystalline waterproof coating (penetration depth ≥30mm); specialized pipe seals (Shore hardness 60±5) ensure tight sealing between pipes and floors.
Construction Preparation and Working Conditions
Technical Preparation: Prepare and approve a specialized construction plan, conduct technical briefings for construction personnel, focusing on training on node treatment processes and hot-melt construction points; verify dimensional tolerances, with wall verticality ≤3mm/2m, roof slope ≥2%, and panel joint gaps of 5-15mm. Material Inspection: Waterproof materials must be accompanied by certificates and test reports, with sampling and re-inspection for every 1000m² of membrane and every 50t of coating; membranes should be stored upright in a well-ventilated and dry place (temperature ≤45℃), and coatings should be sealed and stored to prevent freezing and sun exposure. Base Treatment: Repair the roof base with polymer-modified cement mortar, ensuring flatness ≤5mm/2m, rounding internal and external corners with an R ≥50mm radius, and maintaining a moisture content ≤9% (detected by polyethylene film coverage method).
