Installation of T-shaped Prefabricated Panels for Houses

The installation of T-shaped prefabricated panels for houses should be carried out in accordance with specific types (such as prestressed double T-panels and inverted T-shaped composite panels) and construction conditions, following a safe and standardized operational process. The key points are as follows:

I. Installation Points for Prestressed Double T-Panels

1. Applicable Scenarios and Conditions
   Suitable for large-span building roofs (such as factories and warehouses) and areas with a seismic fortification intensity of ≤8 degrees. It is necessary to evaluate the building span, load requirements, and geological conditions in advance to ensure structural safety.
2. Lifting Plan Planning
   • Principle: Aim for safety, reliability, feasibility, and economic rationality. For example, in one project, a “position first, then lift” plan was adopted, where double T-panels were stacked 20 meters horizontally from the installation point. CAD simulations were used to determine the lifting turning radius and height restrictions to avoid collisions with obstacles.
   • Equipment Selection: Select equipment based on the weight of the components (e.g., 17.84 tons per panel) and site conditions. In one case, a Liebherr LMT1500-500t full-hydraulic truck crane was selected, with two φ30-6×37 steel wire ropes and a safety factor k=5 to ensure lifting stability.
3. Key Process Steps
   • For new load-bearing fair-faced concrete prestressed double T-panels, attention should be paid to the prestressed construction using the long-line bed method, the design of combined steel formwork, and the symmetrical slow heat release tensioning process to avoid prestress loss or component cracking.
   • Before lifting, inspect the component appearance (such as cracks and deformations) and the position of embedded parts to ensure they match the design drawings.

II. Installation Points for Inverted T-shaped Composite Panels

1. Structural Characteristics and Advantages
   It belongs to an assembled monolithic structure. The thickness of the rib of the prefabricated inverted T-shaped panel should meet the design requirements, and no support is required during construction. The composite surface is located at the flange part. The overall floor slab is formed by pouring concrete on-site to combine with the prefabricated part, creating a bidirectional load-bearing characteristic and improving the overall structural integrity.
2. Construction Process
   • During the factory production stage, strictly control the concrete strength, the thickness of the steel reinforcement cover, and the precision of embedded parts.
   • After transportation to the site, lift and position the panels according to the design location, and adjust the verticality using temporary fixing devices (such as diagonal braces).
   • During the on-site concrete pouring process, clean debris from the composite surface and moisten it to ensure a strong bond between the new and old concrete. After pouring, strengthen curing to reduce shrinkage cracks.

III. General Installation Precautions

1. Temporary Support and Fixing
   When installing prefabricated wall panels, temporary diagonal braces and top limit devices should be set up. Use two diagonal braces of different lengths for fixing and adjustment to prevent component overturning or displacement.
2. Quality Acceptance Standards
   After installation, check the verticality, flatness, and joint width of the components. The deviations should comply with regulatory requirements (e.g., the allowable verticality deviation ≤ H/1000 and ≤ 10mm).
3. Safety Protection Measures
   Set up warning lines in the lifting operation area to prohibit non-operators from entering. High-altitude workers should wear safety harnesses, and lifting equipment should be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure reliable operation.