How to Place Prefabricated House Slabs

The placement of prefabricated house slabs should be determined based on the span of the house. The simplest and safest method is to build horizontally in the direction with a smaller span. Here are the specific operations and precautions:

I. Selecting the Placement Direction Based on Span

1. Span Differences Determine the Placement Direction
   Rural houses usually have a greater width than length, and the north-south span of interior small rooms often exceeds the east-west span. When covering the floor slabs, priority should be given to placing them horizontally in the direction with a smaller span. For example, if the east-west span is smaller, the floor slabs should be laid horizontally in the east-west direction. This layout allows the floor slabs to bear more pressure and reduces the risk of cracking caused by foundation settlement or daily activities (such as people walking or furniture placement).

2. Special Cases for Houses with Extremely Small Spans
   If the house has an extremely small span (e.g., 2 meters in length and 3 meters in width), both vertical and horizontal placement are possible. However, it should be noted that vertical placement is generally not recommended for regular houses because horizontal placement can distribute pressure more evenly and provide better long-term stability. For example, if the length and width of a single room are similar, it should still be laid horizontally based on the shorter side to avoid local stress concentration.

II. Key Operation Points During Construction

1. Installation Process of Prefabricated Wall Panels
   The steps include measuring and setting out, using steel bars to position the steel plates for composite connection with steel bars, correcting misaligned steel bars, leveling with shims, pasting rubber-plastic cotton strips, grouting and compartmentalizing, and hooking and lifting. Among them, steel bar positioning and leveling are the core steps. It is necessary to ensure a firm connection between the wall panels and the main structure to avoid cracks caused by settlement in the later stage.

2. Lifting Requirements for Prefabricated Composite Slabs
   Before lifting, a lifting steel beam must be used to ensure that the lifting points bear force simultaneously, preventing cracks or distortion due to uneven force. For example, when the length of the composite slab exceeds 6 meters, 3 - 4 lifting points should be set up, and the load should be distributed through the steel beam to ensure a smooth lifting process.

3. Installation Specifications for Prefabricated Exterior Wall Cladding Panels
   The steps involve cleaning the floor surface, verifying the position, setting out the positioning lines, placing leveling shims for elevation adjustment, pasting anti-grout leakage rubber strips, lifting with a tower crane, and adjusting the verticality. Verticality adjustment should be carried out using a laser level, with an error controlled within ±2mm to avoid the inclination of the exterior wall affecting the overall structural safety.

III. Quality Inspection After Placement

After the floor slabs are laid, it is necessary to check whether the joints are dense and free of hollow areas, and use a level to recheck the flatness of the floor surface. If local subsidence or cracks are found, reinforcement or re-laying should be carried out in a timely manner to ensure compliance with the requirements for floor slab bearing capacity and deformation in the Technical Specification for Prefabricated Concrete Structures.