Heavy-Duty Cement Prefabricated Wall Panels

The construction and application of heavy-duty cement prefabricated wall panels have multiple characteristics, which are introduced below from aspects such as construction process, advantages, early issues, and current status:

Construction Process: Before construction, it is necessary to deepen the design in combination with BIM technology, arrange production with the manufacturer in advance, and plan the transportation route. During construction, first, carry out preparatory work such as surveying and setting out, checking connecting steel bars, correcting misaligned steel bars, leveling with spacers, and mortar bedding and compartmentalization. Then, proceed with the lifting of prefabricated interior wall panels. When lifting, stop for 15 seconds at a height of 1 meter above the ground to check the lifting points. After normal lifting, slow down and descend when approaching the working surface at a height of 1 meter. Operators guide the descent by holding the wall with their hands, use a mirror to observe whether the connecting steel bars align with the holes, slowly descend to the spacers, install diagonal supports, correct the deviation between the component and the installation position line, and then unhook. Finally, use a leveling ruler to check the alignment of the prefabricated wall.

Advantages:

• Energy Efficiency: The exterior wall panels are prefabricated concrete wall panels with a sandwich insulation system. The outer prefabricated concrete wall leaf has a thickness of not less than 6 centimeters, and the edges are sealed with Class A fire-resistant materials. Combined with the inner prefabricated concrete wall leaf, this avoids the phenomenon of insulation layer decoration falling off on the exterior walls of traditional buildings.
• Template Savings: Composite slabs are used as the bottom formwork for floor slabs, and exterior wall panels are used as one side formwork for shear walls, saving a large amount of formwork.
• Shortened Construction Period: A large number of wall panels and prefabricated composite slabs are produced in the factory, reducing on-site construction intensity and eliminating the need for masonry and plastering processes, greatly shortening the overall construction period.
• Improved Quality: The factory production of PC components can better ensure the thickness of the steel bar protective layer and the spacing between steel bars. The outer prefabricated concrete wall leaf of the sandwich insulation system has a thickness of not less than 6 cm, with a Class A fire rating, and the edges are sealed with Class A fire-resistant materials.
• Good Environmental Performance: Most of the processes are completed in the factory, with only the final stage of on-site assembly. This significantly reduces dust, noise, and waste on the construction site, mitigating the impact on the surrounding environment.

Early Issues and Current Status: Early cement prefabricated wall panels had issues such as poor thermal insulation performance, insufficient structural stability, weak load-bearing capacity, and cracking and water leakage at the joints between panels, and have now been banned in the construction field. Currently, cast-in-place slabs are commonly used instead of prefabricated wall panels, and prefabricated concrete wall panels, as one of the prefabricated building components, are still used in some projects.