Requirements for Fire-Resistant Prefabricated Houses

The requirements for fire-resistant prefabricated houses cover multiple aspects such as materials, design, facilities, access routes, electrical systems, construction techniques, and acceptance inspections, as detailed below:

1. Material Selection
   Walls must be constructed using non-combustible or fire-resistant materials, such as aerated concrete blocks and fire-resistant gypsum boards. Roofs should preferably utilize non-combustible materials like metal roofing panels. Doors and windows must be fire-rated to delay the spread of fire and smoke. Wall cavity insulation should employ Class A fire-resistant rock wool or glass wool, and the use of combustible sandwich panels such as polyurethane foam is strictly prohibited to reduce fire risks at the source.

2. Fire Compartment Design
   Fire zones should be reasonably divided and physically separated using fire walls, fire shutters, and other facilities. Fire walls must be constructed with non-combustible materials and meet specified fire resistance ratings; fire shutters should automatically descend in the event of a fire. When pipes penetrate fire walls or floor slabs, they must be sealed with fire-stopping materials to prevent fire spread through the piping.

3. Fire Protection Facilities
   A fire alarm system must be installed for early fire detection and warning. Indoor fire hydrant systems should be provided to supply water for firefighting. Larger or densely occupied spaces should be equipped with automatic sprinkler systems to control fires in their early stages through automatic water discharge.

4. Escape Routes and Emergency Exits
   Escape routes must be kept clear and meet design width requirements (e.g., corridor width ≥ 1.1 meters) to ensure rapid evacuation. The number, location, and signage of emergency exits must be clearly defined. Single-story buildings should have at least two emergency exits, and doors and windows should open outward to prevent congestion and ensure efficient evacuation during emergencies.

5. Electrical Wiring Design
   Electrical cables must be flame-retardant and installed in conduits to prevent unauthorized connections. The electrical system should have independently laid flame-retardant conduits to prevent fire spread along the wiring. Additionally, leakage protection devices and overload protection devices must be installed to ensure the safe operation of the electrical system.

6. Technical Standards and Construction Techniques
   Prefabricated houses must comply with national building technical standards, including requirements for structural strength, waterproofing, and fire resistance. The construction process must strictly adhere to technical specifications, with a focus on controlling key aspects such as assembly, fastening, and joint treatment to ensure structural stability and fire resistance.

7. Inspection and Acceptance
   All fire-resistant materials must be accompanied by national-level test reports (e.g., GB8624 Class A combustion performance certification). Hidden works (e.g., electrical wiring, fireproof coatings) must undergo staged inspections, and third-party fire safety inspections must be passed after completion to ensure compliance with technical standards before the house can be put into use.