Construction Standards for Rural Mobile Toilets
The construction standards for rural mobile toilets cover various aspects such as design, construction, materials, and structure, as detailed below:
Design Requirements
Adhere to the principles of "adapting to local conditions, being economically viable, and ensuring hygiene and safety," taking into account rural climate, terrain, and usage habits. The main structure adopts a modular design, with each toilet occupying an area of ≥1.2㎡ and a height of 2.2-2.5m. The appearance should harmonize with the rural environment, prioritizing light gray and off-white tones, with a sloped roof design for efficient drainage. The toilet area should be equipped with a water-saving squat toilet (flush volume ≤6L/time), a non-slip footrest, and ≥0.6m of moving space. The washing area should integrate a sink and water storage tank, using a push-type water-saving faucet and an anti-fog mirror. The management area should include a tool cabinet, a septic tank cleaning port, and a ventilation device (air exchange ≥8 times/h). The main frame should be made of hot-dip galvanized square steel (40×40×2mm), the walls should be made of lightweight composite wall panels (thickness ≥50mm, fire-resistant B1 grade, waterproof and heat-insulating), the floor should be paved with non-slip tiles (300×300mm, with a 1% slope for drainage), and the septic tank should have a three-chamber structure (effective volume ≥1.5m³, wall thickness ≥80mm, cast-in-place with C25 concrete).
Construction Specifications
Strictly adhere to the "Technical Specifications for the Construction of Three-Chamber Toilets in Rural Areas" (GB/T 38836), the "Hygienic Specifications for Rural Toilets" (GB 19379), and the "Specifications for the Construction and Acceptance of Water Supply and Drainage Pipeline Engineering" (GB 50268). Construction should adhere to the principles of "safety, hygiene, environmental protection, economy, applicability, and long-term effectiveness," taking into account geographical conditions, climatic factors, and usage needs to ensure quality compliance.
Material Selection
Main structural materials: The toilet frame should be made of Q235 galvanized steel (corrosion resistance ≥15 years, welding in accordance with GB50205); the wall panels should be made of food-grade PP honeycomb panels (thickness ≥15mm, waterproof, moisture-proof, and formaldehyde-free); the floor should be made of non-slip patterned steel plates (thickness ≥3mm, non-slip coefficient ≥0.8, surface rust-proof). Fecal treatment materials: The septic tank can be made of fiberglass (CJ/T 409), prefabricated reinforced concrete (JC/T 2460), or PE rotational molding (CJ/T 489), with an effective volume ≥2.1m³. The exhaust pipe should be made of UPVC pipe (outer diameter ≥160mm, wall thickness ≥3mm, with a non-powered wind cap at the top, extending ≥1000mm above the eaves). The fecal inlet pipe should be made of smooth-walled PVC pipe (inner diameter ≥100mm, avoiding bends). Sanitary ware: The toilet should comply with GB/T 6952 or JC/T 2116, prioritizing water-saving models with a flush volume <3L, a defecation hole inner diameter ≥140mm, and an arch-shaped protrusion at the front of the squat toilet to prevent splashing. Connectors should be made of high-strength, anti-aging, and corrosion-resistant materials with a lifespan ≥10 years.
Structural Design
The net area of the toilet should be ≥2.1㎡, with a net height ≥2000mm and a door opening ≥700mm×1900mm. It should be equipped with a window ≥600mm×400mm, with a lighting illuminance ≥40lx (lamp protection grade IP54), and include a toilet paper holder and a storage shelf. Optional accessories include handrails, hooks, and an exhaust fan. The septic tank should be constructed below the frost line, more than 30m away from underground water intake structures, and避开 (avoid) low-lying areas and living areas.
