Roof Prefabricated Panel House

A roof prefabricated panel house is a type of building constructed primarily using prefabricated panels. These panels are cement components prefabricated in factories and come in two types: solid and hollow. Originating in the early 20th century, this type of structure was widely used in residential buildings constructed in China before 1985 and was extensively applied in rural self-built houses. However, it has numerous drawbacks and is gradually being replaced with advancements in construction technology.

Advantages

• Low cost and fast construction: In the field of rural self-built houses, prefabricated panels are inexpensive and enable extremely rapid construction. When used as roofs in rural self-built houses, they can be hoisted and installed in just one day or half a day, significantly shortening the construction period and reducing labor and time costs.

Disadvantages

• Prominent waterproofing issues: There is a high probability of water leakage during waterproofing. In rural houses with prefabricated panel roofs, water leakage is a common problem in about eight or nine out of ten cases. This is mainly because there are gaps at the joints of the prefabricated panels, and if the waterproofing treatment is not proper, rainwater can easily seep into the house.
• Weak earthquake resistance: They cannot be used in earthquake-prone areas due to their low seismic resistance coefficient, which makes them prone to collapse. This is a widespread issue in existing prefabricated panel houses. Under earthquake action, the connections between the prefabricated panels are easily damaged, leading to the instability of the overall building structure.
• Poor thermal insulation: The thermal insulation performance of prefabricated panels is not good. In summer, the indoor temperature is high, and they cannot effectively insulate against heat; in winter, the indoor temperature is low, and they cannot provide good thermal insulation, affecting living comfort.
• Limited service life: Generally, the service life is about 30 - 50 years. Over time, problems such as aging and cracking of the prefabricated panels will occur, affecting the safety and functionality of the house.

Development Status

With the development of construction technology, cast-in-place concrete and prefabricated buildings are gradually replacing traditional prefabricated panel houses. Prefabricated buildings use modular factory-prefabricated components. For example, CMC combined modular buildings enhance seismic resistance through steel-concrete integral pouring, and the construction period is 30% shorter than that of traditional methods. Since 2022, China has implemented a policy of old building renovation, focusing on repairing and renovating prefabricated panel houses and only demolishing those that meet the criteria for dangerous buildings.