Rigid Connection of Prefabricated Houses

The rigid connection of prefabricated houses refers to a connection method where the connected components cannot move or rotate relative to each other at the connection point, serving as a key connection method to ensure structural stability. The following provides an introduction from the perspectives of definition, common types, application scenarios, and characteristics:

Common Types The core of rigid connections lies in achieving complete restraint between components. Common types include:

1. Mortise-and-Tenon Joint: Components are interlocked through concave and convex structures, utilizing the friction of wood or composite materials for fixation. This method is commonly used in traditional wooden prefabricated houses.
2. Adhesive Bonding: High-strength structural adhesives are used to bond components, forming a continuous whole. This method is suitable for connecting lightweight materials (such as glass fiber-reinforced plastics), but requires strict control of environmental humidity and temperature.
3. Welding: Metal is melted at high temperatures to fuse components, commonly used in steel prefabricated houses. For example, the pre-embedded steel plates at the rib bottom of double-T panels and the supporting beams are welded to form a permanent connection.
4. Riveting: Rivets are used to pass through component holes and are upset for fixation, suitable for scenarios requiring high shear strength, such as heavy steel structure nodes.

Application Scenarios In prefabricated houses, rigid connections are mostly used at key load-bearing nodes:

• Connection between Double-T Panels and Supporting Structures: Dry processes such as welding or bolt connections are adopted. For example, pre-embedded steel plates are set at the rib bottom of double-T panels and the top of supporting beams, and fixed by welding; or pre-embedded steel parts are set at the top of supporting beams, and pre-embedded steel pipes are set at the rib bottom of double-T panels, connected by bolts.
• Tongue-and-Groove Connection: Slots are cut on double-T panels and supporting structures to form a concave-convex fit, enhancing connection stability through structural adhesives or bolts, suitable for areas with high waterproofing requirements.

Characteristics Rigid connections have the following significant characteristics:

• High Rigidity: They can effectively resist bending moments, shear forces, and axial forces, ensuring minimal deformation of the structure under load.
• Permanent Process: Processes such as welding and riveting form irreversible connections, requiring strict quality control during construction to avoid defects.
• Strong Structural Integrity: By completely restraining relative movement between components, load transfer is more direct, improving seismic and wind resistance performance.

Rigid connections provide reliable mechanical support for prefabricated houses by restricting component degrees of freedom. Their design requires comprehensive consideration of material properties, construction conditions, and long-term durability.