Reinforcement of Red Brick and Prefabricated Panel Houses

Reinforcing red brick and prefabricated panel houses requires targeted measures for both red brick walls and prefabricated panels, as detailed below:

Reinforcement Methods for Red Brick Walls

1. Crack Repair
   • Shallow Cracks: Clean debris around the cracks, fill with cement mortar or putty, and sand smooth after drying.
   • Deep Cracks: Use pressure injection of cement mortar or epoxy resin to ensure full filling of the crack interior and prevent crack propagation.
2. Support Reinforcement
   For larger cracks or local instability of the wall, use materials such as steel plates or carbon fiber sheets for reinforcement. After repairing the cracks, embed the steel plates or carbon fiber sheets into the cracks and secure them with expansion screws or adhesives. If necessary, add steel frames or steel bar support structures on both sides of the cracks.
3. Grouting Reinforcement
   Inject cement mortar or chemical agents under high pressure to enhance the overall load-bearing capacity and shear strength of the wall. During construction, clean the cracks, install grouting nozzles, and control the injection pressure and flow rate to ensure uniform and dense filling of the wall interior with the material.
4. External Reinforcement
   Lay steel mesh or fiberglass cloth on the wall surface and fix it with adhesive to form a reinforcement layer. This method significantly improves the shear resistance of the wall and is suitable for areas with high seismic requirements.

Reinforcement Methods for Prefabricated Panels

1. Support Structure Reinforcement
   • Brick/Concrete Support: Add brick or concrete structures beneath the prefabricated panels to enhance load-bearing capacity. However, construction is complex and space-consuming, with costs around 10,000 yuan (subject to material and construction difficulty).
   • Steel Support: Install steel beams or frames at the bottom of the prefabricated panels, utilizing the high strength of steel to improve stability. Construction is simple and space-efficient, with costs around 10,000 yuan (subject to steel prices).
2. Material Reinforcement Techniques
   • Carbon Fiber Sheet Reinforcement: For insufficient flexural capacity of floors or beams, adhere high-strength carbon fiber sheets (with a tensile strength of 4052.3 MPa) to the tensioned surface without increasing section size or affecting usable space.
   • Steel Plate Bonding Reinforcement: Bond steel plates at the junctions of panels and walls, achieving steel-concrete协同受力 (collaborative stress) through structural adhesive (with a shear strength of 22.5 MPa for the bonding adhesive), enhancing overall node integrity.
   • Rebar Planting Reinforcement: Plant rebars (with a splitting tensile strength of 20.11 MPa for the planting adhesive) to add ring beams or structural columns, enhancing overall seismic performance and suitable for scenarios involving new components.
   • BFRM Basalt Fiber Mortar Reinforcement: For seismic requirements of masonry walls, apply a single-sided plaster with a thickness of only 15-30 mm, light in weight (30-50 kg/㎡), reaching design strength in 7 days, and offering significant advantages in space-constrained situations.

Precautions

• Professional Assessment: Before reinforcement, commission a Class A institution to conduct a structural safety appraisal to clarify reinforcement needs.
• Scheme Selection: Choose reinforcement methods based on the house's structural characteristics, usage requirements, and construction conditions.
• Construction Specifications: Ensure operations are carried out by a professional team to guarantee material quality and construction safety.
• Long-Term Maintenance: After reinforcement, conduct regular inspections and promptly address potential issues to ensure the long-term stability of the house.