Rapid Prefabricated Housing Structure
Rapid prefabricated housing structures mainly include several types: panel-assembled buildings, box-assembled buildings, modular buildings, and rapid prefabricated housing structures in rural South Korea.
Panel-assembled buildings: These use prefabricated wall panels and floor slabs as core components. This structural form offers certain advantages, such as expanding the usable area of the house and enabling more efficient utilization of indoor space. However, it also has limitations, being somewhat restricted in terms of design flexibility and potentially unable to meet some personalized and complex architectural design requirements.
Box-assembled buildings: These are constructed by combining prefabricated functional units. Their notable feature is a significant increase in construction speed, with speeds improving by 50% - 70% compared to traditional construction methods, greatly shortening the construction cycle. However, this structure has high requirements for transportation and lifting equipment, necessitating the use of corresponding large-scale transport vehicles and lifting machinery to ensure the smooth transportation and accurate installation of prefabricated functional units at the construction site.
Modular buildings: The entire building is disassembled into individual independent modules, which are manufactured in a factory, including ceilings, floors, and water and electricity pipelines, all prefabricated on the factory assembly line. These modules are then transported to the construction site and assembled like building blocks. Taking a public housing project in Shenzhen, Guangdong, as an example, five residential buildings nearly 100 meters high were assembled from 6,028 concrete modules. Compared to traditional construction methods, the project's completion and delivery time was reduced from 2.5 to 3 years to 1 year, and on-site labor was reduced by about 50%, fully demonstrating the advantages of modular buildings in improving construction efficiency and reducing labor costs.
Rapid prefabricated housing structures in rural South Korea: For the foundation, the site is first leveled and a cushion layer is poured. After laying a white plastic sheet, a non-reinforced concrete cushion layer is poured. After solidification, 5-ton prefabricated foundation piles are installed. After backfilling with soil, a 10-centimeter-thick giant foam board is laid for thermal insulation and moisture resistance. Finally, a dense network of threaded steel bars is laid over the entire foundation frame. During the main structure construction, after installing the foundation piles, the beams are spliced and fixed with nuts and filled with expanding foam. After backfilling with soil, the second floor is constructed. The load-bearing columns and beams are prefabricated in the factory and assembled on-site using a crane, with protrusions fitting into recesses and nuts tightened. Then, a 5-centimeter floor slab is laid, all gaps are sealed with expanding foam, secondary grouting is performed at the connections of the load-bearing columns, and finally, a network of steel bars is laid and poured with concrete to form a whole.
