Renovation of Prefabricated Slab Structure Houses
The renovation of prefabricated slab structure houses requires comprehensive treatment from multiple aspects such as structural safety, roofing, walls, sound insulation, waterproofing, and construction specifications. The specific steps are as follows:
1. Structural safety assessment is a prerequisite for renovation
It is necessary to entrust a professional agency to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the house, focusing on checking the crack width at the joints of the prefabricated slabs. If the crack width exceeds 0.3 millimeters, special treatments such as epoxy resin grouting or carbon fiber cloth reinforcement are required; at the same time, the corrosion rate of the connecting bolts between the prefabricated slabs and the ring beams should be inspected. If the corrosion rate exceeds 30%, they must be replaced with high-strength bolts to ensure the overall structural stability.
2. Systematic roof renovation to solve leakage problems
Due to the numerous joints in prefabricated slab roofs, they are prone to leakage caused by thermal expansion and contraction or settlement. During renovation, a four-step method of 'obstacle removal - repair - reinforcement - waterproofing' should be adopted: first, remove the original debris and damaged layers on the roof; second, repair the cracks in the base layer with polymer cement mortar; then, fill the slab joints with rigid caulking materials and flatten them; finally, lay national standard thickened SBS modified asphalt membranes and add special exposed waterproof layers at easily permeable parts such as gutters and eaves to form multiple waterproof barriers.
3. Wall reinforcement and crack repair
For exterior wall renovation, the original plaster layer should be removed to the structural surface, and high-strength grouting materials should be injected using the bar-planting technique (with a spacing of 300-500mm) to enhance the connection strength between the wall and the prefabricated slabs; for cracks with a width of less than 0.5mm, pressure grouting with epoxy resin should be used for filling; if the crack width exceeds 0.5mm or penetrates the wall, V-shaped grooves should be chiseled along both sides of the crack, steel plates should be embedded and fixed with bolts, and then plastered for restoration.
4. Upgrade of sound insulation and waterproofing performance
To address the poor sound insulation of prefabricated slab floors, a 50mm thick glass wool sound insulation layer can be added inside the suspended ceiling, and sound insulation panels can be installed; windows should be replaced with double-glazed units (with a gap of ≥12mm) to effectively reduce noise transmission. In terms of waterproofing, in addition to roof treatment, areas such as bathrooms and kitchens need to be re-coated with 2mm thick polyurethane waterproof coatings, and the wall-floor joints should be turned up by 300mm to ensure no leakage hazards.
5. Strict construction sequence and support system
When removing prefabricated slabs, the principle of 'removing from the middle first, then the sides, and symmetrically' should be followed, and the daily removal area should not exceed 30% of the total floor area to avoid local excessive loads leading to collapse. At the same time, a temporary support system should be erected: Φ48 steel pipe supports should be set every 1.2 meters along the length of the prefabricated slabs, and H-shaped steel beams should be used for transfer at key nodes. The support points should be placed on load-bearing walls or columns to ensure construction safety.
During the renovation process, it is necessary to strictly comply with the 'Building Structural Load Code' and local construction standards. It is recommended to be operated by a qualified team and regularly conduct safety monitoring to ensure the renovation effect and living safety.
