Force Analysis Diagram of Prefabricated Slab Houses

Currently, it is not possible to directly provide a force analysis diagram of prefabricated slab houses, but a popular science analysis of their force characteristics can be conducted.

Types of Prefabricated Slabs and Their Force Forms

Prefabricated slabs are generally divided into strip slabs, ribbed slabs, and hollow slabs, among others. Most of their force forms belong to simply-supported slabs. A simply-supported slab refers to a slab structure with a fixed hinge support at one end and a movable hinge support at the other end. Under vertical loads, simply-supported slabs mainly bear bending moments and shear forces. The bending moment causes the slab to bend and deform, with the maximum bending moment occurring at the mid-span of the slab and zero bending moment at the supports. The shear force causes the slab to shear and deform, with the maximum shear force at the supports and relatively small shear force at the mid-span.

Force Conditions of Prefabricated Slabs in Houses

In prefabricated slab houses, as the main component of the floor structure, prefabricated slabs bear the vertical loads transmitted from above, such as live loads from people and furniture, as well as dead loads from the floor itself. These loads are transferred through the prefabricated slabs to the supports at both ends, which then transfer the loads to load-bearing members such as walls or beams.

Force Characteristics of Different Types of Prefabricated Slabs

• Strip Slabs: Strip slabs usually have a relatively small span, and their force conditions are relatively simple. They mainly bear bending moments and shear forces perpendicular to the length direction of the slab. Due to their small span, the slabs have relatively high stiffness and relatively small deformation.
• Ribbed Slabs: Ribbed slabs improve the load-bearing capacity and stiffness of the slabs by setting ribs. The presence of ribs enables them to bear a portion of the bending moments and shear forces when the slab is under load, thereby reducing the burden on the slab. The force conditions of ribbed slabs are relatively complex, and it is necessary to consider the coordinated work between the ribs and the slab.
• Hollow Slabs: Hollow slabs have cavities inside, which reduce the self-weight of the slabs while maintaining a certain load-bearing capacity. When under load, the force characteristics of hollow slabs are similar to those of solid slabs. However, due to the reduction in self-weight, their internal force distribution is different, with relatively small bending moments at the mid-span and shear forces at the supports.

Impact of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Prefabricated Slab Houses on Force Conditions

In the prefabricated building system, prefabricated slabs have a high assembly rate and fast construction speed, but their seismic performance and overall floor performance are relatively poor. This is because prefabricated slabs are usually spliced together through simple connection methods. Under horizontal loads such as earthquakes, the connection parts are prone to damage, which affects the overall integrity of the floor and thus its force performance.