Prefabricated Panels for Houses in Other Provinces

Prefabricated panels for houses in other provinces come in a variety of types, each with distinct structural characteristics and application scenarios. Existing houses face renovation needs, and governance policies have clearly outlined the direction.

I. Types and Structural Characteristics of Prefabricated Panels

Prefabricated panels for houses in other provinces can be classified into the following types based on materials and processes:

1. Reinforced Concrete Prefabricated Panels: Taking the ALC wall panels produced by Huibang Technology in the Kunming Economic and Technological Development Zone as an example, they use lightweight and high-strength materials, with a thickness of 9.5mm, a fire resistance time of up to 2.942 hours, and excellent waterproof performance (impermeable for 24 hours). They are suitable for fields with high fire and impact resistance requirements, such as chemicals and pharmaceuticals.
2. Steel Skeleton Lightweight Panels: For instance, the 10cm floor panels produced by Hengdao New Materials in Henan Province use inorganic modified cement perlite as the core material, with a density of 690kg/m³, a compressive strength of 1.8MPa, and a fire resistance temperature exceeding 2000℃. They are mostly used in scenarios such as rail transit and industrial plants.
3. Steel Structure Mezzanine Floor Panels: The products provided by Beijing Tiangong Hengjian are made of metal, support customized specifications and on-site installation, with a processing cycle starting from 4 days. They are suitable for house additions or loft constructions.
4. Lightweight Prefabricated Panels: The panels produced by Anhui Deshang have a density that meets national standards, with customizable widths (40/50/60cm) and convenient splicing and installation. They are suitable for places with high sound insulation and fire resistance requirements, such as residential partition walls.
5. Cement Hollow Prefabricated Panels: The 3-meter building hollow panels produced by Hebei Pingshun have a compressive strength of 3.5MPa and possess Class A fire resistance, sound insulation, and thermal insulation properties. They are commonly used in industrial plants and rail transit construction.

II. Existing Problems and Renovation Background

Prefabricated panel houses originated in the early 20th century, and most residential buildings constructed in China before 1985 adopted this type of structure. With the development of building technology, defects such as weak earthquake resistance, poor sound and thermal insulation, and a service life of about 30-50 years have gradually emerged. Since 2022, China has implemented the old housing renovation policy, focusing on repairs and renovations, and only demolishing buildings that meet the criteria for dilapidated houses. The '15th Five-Year Plan for Urban Renewal' in 2026 clearly proposes to renovate more than 500,000 sets (units) of Class C and D dangerous housing and prefabricated panel houses, and promote seismic reinforcement in earthquake-prone areas.

III. Governance and Renovation Policies and Paths

House safety appraisals are classified into four grades: A, B, C, and D, with the following disposal paths:

• A/B-grade houses: With no major issues in the main structure, old residential community renovations are carried out (such as repairing roofs and replacing pipes).
• C-grade dilapidated houses: When there is room for repair, maintenance is carried out by reinforcing walls, beams, columns, and floor panels, as well as improving earthquake resistance. The central budget provides support for projects, covering 70% of the total approved investment.
• D-grade dilapidated houses or expropriation needs: Expropriation and demolition procedures are initiated in accordance with the law only when there are projects such as road construction or subway construction in the area or when they are included in the demolition and reconstruction plan.