Seismic Structure Diagram of Prefabricated Panel Houses

Currently, it is not possible to directly provide a seismic structure diagram of prefabricated panel houses, but the seismic design points can be understood through seismic structural requirements.

The core of the seismic structural design of prefabricated panel houses lies in enhancing the overall integrity and stability of the houses to resist the horizontal and vertical forces generated during earthquakes. The following introduces two aspects: key seismic components and connection requirements.

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I. Key Seismic Components

1. Ring Beams: Ring beams are continuous closed beams set along the exterior walls and some interior walls of the house. Their function is to enhance the overall stiffness of the house and reduce wall cracking caused by uneven foundation settlement or earthquake action. In areas with seismic intensities of 6 and 7 degrees, ring beams should be set along the roof and at each floor level, and the ring beams on the exterior walls and interior longitudinal walls should be closed. In areas with a seismic intensity of 8 degrees, in addition to the above requirements, the spacing between ring beams on interior transverse walls should not exceed 7 meters. The cross-sectional dimensions and reinforcement of ring beams need to be determined according to factors such as the seismic fortification intensity and the number of floors of the house. Generally, the cross-sectional height should not be less than 120 millimeters, and the reinforcement should not be less than 4 steel bars with a diameter of 10 millimeters.
2. Structural Columns: Structural columns are vertical components set at the corners of the house, the intersections of longitudinal and transverse walls, and other locations. Their function is to form a spatial framework together with the ring beams to improve the seismic capacity of the house. In areas with a seismic intensity of 8 degrees, the setting of structural columns is more stringent. For example, they need to be set at the four corners of the exterior walls and the four corners of the stairwells, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the structural columns should not be less than 240 millimeters × 180 millimeters, with reinforcement of not less than 4 steel bars with a diameter of 12 millimeters.

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II. Connection Requirements

1. Connection between Prefabricated Panels and Walls: The end of the prefabricated panel should extend into the brick wall for a length of not less than 10 centimeters to ensure a reliable connection between the prefabricated panel and the wall and prevent the prefabricated panel from falling off during an earthquake.
2. Connection between Prefabricated Panels and Ring Beams: The prefabricated panel should rest on the ring beam for a length of not less than 8 centimeters, and the prefabricated panel and the ring beam should be firmly connected through steel bars and other connectors to enhance the overall integrity of the house.

By reasonably setting seismic components such as ring beams and structural columns and ensuring reliable connections between prefabricated panels and walls and ring beams, the seismic capacity of prefabricated panel houses can be effectively improved.