Rating of Prefabricated Panel Houses
Prefabricated panel houses are classified into four grades (A, B, C, and D) in accordance with the 'Standard for Dangerous Building Appraisal' (JGJ 125-2016) or the 'Technical Guidelines for Dangerous Rural Building Appraisal (Trial)'. The specific grading criteria are as follows:
Grade A: The house has no dangerous components, and its structure fully meets safety requirements for use, with all functions operating normally. Only routine maintenance is required. For example, the main structure of the house is sound, with possible minor stains on the walls and only slight traces at the joints of the prefabricated panels, but no cracks, water leakage, or deformation. Such houses are highly safe overall and do not require structural repairs.
Grade B: Some individual components are dangerous but do not affect the safety of the main structure, and the functionality remains largely intact. Common issues include slight cracks in non-load-bearing walls, occasional water leakage at the joints of prefabricated panels, and minor sagging of the floor that is not visible to the naked eye. Such houses require local repairs, such as filling cracks and enhancing waterproofing, but do not need extensive structural reinforcement.
Grade C: Some load-bearing structures do not meet safety requirements for use, and parts of the house are in a dangerous state. This is manifested by insufficient load-bearing capacity of some load-bearing structures and local hazards, such as large cracks in walls, obvious cracks in beams and columns, severe water leakage or deformation at the joints of prefabricated panels, etc. Such houses require structural repairs, such as reinforcing load-bearing walls, replacing damaged beams and columns or prefabricated panels, to ensure structural safety.
Grade D: The load-bearing structure no longer meets safety requirements for use, and the entire house is in a dangerous state. Typical features include uneven settlement of the foundation, severe cracks in most load-bearing walls, large-scale deformation or fracture of prefabricated panels, etc. Such houses pose serious safety hazards and may collapse. They must be immediately taken out of use and either demolished and rebuilt or comprehensively reinforced.
When grading, it is necessary to comprehensively assess the degree of damage to key components such as the house structure, foundation, walls, beams and columns, and prefabricated panels, and conduct a comprehensive evaluation in combination with factors such as functionality and environmental conditions.
