Three Transformations of Prefabricated Housing
The concept of the 'three transformations' in prefabricated housing has different connotations at different stages, mainly including the 'three-transformation theory' proposed by Liang Sicheng in the early days and the 'three-transformation goals' proposed by the state in the 1970s.
Liang Sicheng's 'three-transformation theory' in the early days: In 1962, Mr. Liang Sicheng proposed the 'three-transformation theory' for prefabricated housing, which emphasized 'standardized design, factory-based prefabrication of components, and mechanized construction'. Standardized design means that housing design should follow unified standards and specifications, which is conducive to improving design efficiency, ensuring the consistency of housing quality and performance, and facilitating the subsequent production and construction of components. Factory-based prefabrication of components involves prefabricating various housing components in factories, which have advanced production equipment and strict production management, ensuring the quality and precision of components while improving production efficiency and reducing the workload and time required for on-site construction. Mechanized construction emphasizes the use of mechanical equipment instead of manual operations as much as possible during the housing construction process to improve construction speed and quality and reduce labor intensity.
The state's 'three-transformation goals' in the 1970s: In the 1970s, the state proposed the 'three-transformation goals' for architecture, which were 'factory-based production, assembly-based construction, and standardization'. Factory-based production is similar to the factory-based prefabrication of components proposed by Mr. Liang Sicheng, emphasizing the transfer of the architectural production process to factories for large-scale and intensive production. Assembly-based construction refers to assembling and installing factory-prefabricated components on-site to form complete buildings, which can significantly shorten the construction period, reduce on-site wet operations, and improve construction efficiency. Standardization covers the standardization of design, component production, construction, and other links, ensuring coordination and unity among various links and improving the overall quality and performance of buildings. Under the promotion of this policy, prefabricated panel buildings were widely applied.
With the development of the times and technological progress, the concept of prefabricated housing is constantly being enriched and improved. In the 21st century, the prefabricated building industry proposed the new concept of 'five integrations in one', adding 'integration of mechanical and electrical interior decoration and information management'. In 2016, Comrade Ye Haowen proposed the 'three integrations' development theory, providing theoretical support and practical methodology for the industry's transformation and development.
