How to Wire a Prefabricated House: Diagram Translation

Wiring in a prefabricated house requires careful planning and adherence to standardized procedures, with key points including precise positioning, standardized laying, safe threading, and rigorous inspection. The specific operations are as follows:

1. Positioning and Drilling

• Determine electrical appliance positions: Based on the design renderings and construction drawings, identify the installation points for lighting fixtures, sockets, switches, and other equipment, then plan the wire routing, wall/floor penetration locations, and key nodes (such as starting points, corners, branches, and terminals).
• Mark junction box positions: Accurately mark the installation points for junction boxes on the prefabricated panels or walls to avoid structural damage from subsequent adjustments. If laying conduits inside prefabricated panels, confirm the position of steel reinforcement in advance and use professional tools (such as metal detectors) to locate it, preventing damage to the load-bearing structure by chiseling through the reinforcement.
• Drilling and slotting:
  • Laying inside prefabricated panels: Use an impact drill to create installation holes at the marked positions, with the hole diameter matching the junction box. If utilizing existing circular holes in the prefabricated panels for threading, open small holes at both ends and use a tile cutter to create slots, with the slot width and depth sufficient to embed the conduit.
  • Wall slotting: Cut slots along the wire routing on the wall, ensuring the slot depth covers the conduit and leaves a 1-2 cm protective layer to avoid damaging internal wall pipelines.

2. Laying Conduits and Fixing

• Select conduit type: Choose PVC or metal conduits based on the environment, with waterproof conduits required for damp areas (such as bathrooms and kitchens).
• Standardized laying:
  • When penetrating walls, carefully bend the conduits to ensure the bending radius is ≥6 times the conduit diameter, preventing obstruction to internal wire threading.
  • Secure conduit connections with specialized glue or connectors to prevent loosening.
• Fix conduits: Use specialized clamps or saddle clips to fix the conduits to the wall or floor, with spacing ≤1 meter, and increase fixation density at corners.

3. Embedding and Threading

• Embedding treatment:
  • For socket and switch positions, pre-drill holes and embed plastic expansion tubes or wooden wedges in advance. Alternatively, fully embed the junction box into the wall, leaving only the panel exposed.
  • Secure the connection between the junction box and conduit with lock nuts to prevent wire exposure.
• Threading methods:
  • Standard method: First thread a steel wire through the conduit, then tie the wire to the steel wire and pull it in, avoiding direct pulling that could damage the wire.
  • Simplified method for home renovation: Directly thread the wire through a protective sleeve, or thread the wire simultaneously while installing plastic conduits, or leave lead wires inside the conduits for future use.
  • Precautions: Separate strong current (such as lighting and sockets) and weak current (such as network and telephone lines) into different conduits, with a spacing of ≥30 cm to prevent signal interference.

4. Connection and Inspection

• Electrical appliance connection: When connecting wires to switches, sockets, and lighting fixtures, follow the principle of "live wire to switch, neutral wire to lamp head" and ensure secure connections with good insulation.
• Trial power-on test: After all connections are complete, conduct a trial power-on and use a multimeter to check if the voltage is normal, confirming no short circuits or leakage.
• Wall repair: After successful power-on, use cement mortar to fill and level the chiseled walls or floors, ensuring a smooth surface.

Tip: For specific operations, refer to the "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Building Electrical Engineering" (GB 50303) and the wiring diagrams for prefabricated houses (such as Figures 2-55 and 2-56) to ensure compliance with safety standards at every step.