Prefabricated House Stair Design

The design of stairs in prefabricated houses requires comprehensive consideration of functionality, safety, aesthetics, and construction convenience. The specific design points are as follows:

I. Stair Type Selection
Choose the type based on spatial characteristics and usage requirements:

• Straight Stair: Suitable for narrow spaces or outdoors, with a simple structure and small footprint. The bottom can be designed as storage space.
• L-shaped Stair: Commonly found in public buildings and self-built houses, it improves walking comfort through turning platforms and saves space, but the bottom space utilization is limited.
• Three-flight Stair: It has a strong visual hierarchy, with the hollow area in the middle suitable for hanging decorations. The space below the flight can be used for other purposes, but it occupies a large area and has poor lighting in the middle section.
• L-shaped Stair with Landing: It has a resting platform at the turn, and the bottom can be used as a storage cabinet, but it occupies a large living room space.

II. Size Specifications
Strictly adhere to ergonomic and safety standards:

• Tread Dimensions: The height should be between 15 and 18 centimeters (not exceeding 17 centimeters is advisable). Too high a height can cause fatigue, while too low a height can lead to tripping. The width should be between 22 and 27 centimeters (should be greater than 22 centimeters). Too narrow a width provides insufficient support.
• Flight Width: For single-person passage, it should be at least 80 centimeters, and 100 centimeters or more is more comfortable.
• Slope: Generally between 20 degrees and 45 degrees, it should be adjusted according to space and usage requirements.
• Number of Steps: Usually an odd number is chosen, which aligns with the human body's sense of space and direction (e.g., if starting with the right foot, landing with the right foot).

III. Reserved Design for Prefabricated Stairs
Plan functional systems and structural supports in advance:

• Pipeline Reservation: Electrical conduits should consider the load-bearing structure for lighting and safety alarm systems. Lighting fixture slots are hidden at the edge of treads or handrails, and electrical wiring layouts should be planned in advance.
• Structural Support: The support points for handrails and railings should be determined in size and shape based on the design weight to avoid on-site drilling.
• Functional Systems: Outdoor stairs should reserve drainage channels and pipes. In cold regions, heating cables and control equipment should be reserved to ensure winter safety.

IV. Construction and Installation Points
Ensure quality and efficiency:

• Inspection and Handling: Check for surface cracks, dimensions, integrity of embedded parts, and waterproof and anti-slip measures. Use professional lifting equipment to avoid damage during transportation.
• Connection Node Design: Use flexible grout to connect upper and lower end nodes, combined with funnel-shaped grout holes and isolation layers, suitable for structures with high deformation requirements.
• Atlas Reference: Refer to the atlas "20G367-2: Prefabricated Reinforced Concrete Stairs (Public Buildings)" for data such as stairwell clear width, steel bar weight, and concrete volume.

V. Aesthetics and Space Utilization
Balance functionality and artistry:

• Visual Focus: Highlight individuality through materials, colors, or shapes.
• Spatial Narrative: Combine new materials and intelligent trends to transform stairs into carriers that integrate aesthetics and technology.