Prefabricated House Roof Panel Construction

In the construction of prefabricated house roof panels, special attention should be paid to base layer treatment, support and connection, seismic design, and special process requirements. The specific key points are as follows:

1. Base Layer Treatment: Ensure a Flat and Stable Bearing Surface

Before hoisting the prefabricated panels, the top surface of the load-bearing wall should be moistened with clean water one day in advance to avoid water accumulation. Then, high-grade cement mortar should be used for careful leveling. Key requirements: The wall top must be flat, and the mortar should be full and uniform. High-low differences, broken bricks, or mortar lumps are strictly prohibited. If the base layer treatment is improper, the prefabricated panels may shake, make creaking noises after placement, and the panel joints may crack after long-term use, even leading to overall deformation of the floor slab.

2. Panel Bottom Support and Panel Joint Treatment: Prevent Structural Damage and Leakage

• Support Setting: During installation, temporary supports should be provided at the bottom of the prefabricated panels to prevent bending or cracking due to the incomplete formation of concrete strength. The supports should be evenly distributed to ensure balanced force on the panel body.
• Panel Joint Treatment: Panel joints are weak points for waterproofing and require strict construction. If not properly treated, rainwater can easily seep into the interior through the panel joints, causing leakage problems. It is recommended to fill the panel joints with high-strength waterproof materials and perform sealing treatment.

3. Connection Integrity: Strengthen Structural Coordinated Force

The core of prefabricated panel installation is to connect individual panels into a whole to ensure coordinated force with the house structure. Key measures:

• The connection between the panel and the wall should be achieved through steel bar anchoring or welding to avoid a "loose" state;
• Reasonable gaps should be reserved between panels and reinforced with concrete or special connectors to prevent displacement or cracking.
  If the connection is unreliable, the floor slab is prone to local collapse under load, posing serious safety hazards.

4. Seismic Design Requirements: Set Ring Beams and Structural Columns

If prefabricated panels are used as floor slabs, ring beams and structural columns must be set to form a checkerboard pattern:

• Structural Columns: Control horizontal wall deformation and enhance overall structural integrity;
• Ring Beams: Restrain vertical walls to prevent wall collapse during earthquakes.
  Risk Example: A two-and-a-half-story self-built house without ring beams, with prefabricated panels directly placed on the walls, has a high risk of floor slab collapse during earthquakes.

5. Special Process Requirements: Adapt to Different Roof Forms

• Reinforced Concrete Tile Roof:
  • After laying felt on the leveling layer, fix the felt pressing strips and tile hanging strips with wooden wedges for tile laying;
  • Or directly apply waterproof cement mortar for tile pasting (common in antique-style buildings).
• Specification Basis: This structural form has been included in GB/T50855-2024 "Calculation Standard for Quantities of Antique-Style Construction Projects", which will come into effect on September 1, 2025.

Construction Risk Summary: Prefabricated panel construction must strictly follow specifications to avoid structural failure due to insufficient support, unreliable connections, or lack of seismic measures.