Precautions for Installation of Prefabricated Houses

The following precautions should be taken during the installation of prefabricated houses to ensure structural safety and performance:

1. Purchase Regular Products

• Material Quality: Prioritize prefabricated components from reputable large manufacturers. Reinforcing steel bars should be prestressed, and the concrete strength should not be lower than the C30 standard. Inspect the components for cracks, honeycombing, or other defects to ensure compliance with strength and durability specifications.
• Reinforcing Bar Specifications: Verify that the quantity and specifications of reinforcing bars in the panels meet national standards to prevent structural instability due to insufficient reinforcement.

2. Proper Foundation Treatment

• Foundation Requirements: Thoroughly clean the foundation before installation to ensure it is level, solid, and free of debris or soft soil layers. Implement waterproofing and moisture-proofing measures according to design requirements to prevent groundwater erosion.
• Size Design: Determine the foundation size, depth, and shape reasonably based on the building's weight, load, and geological conditions to effectively disperse the pressure from the superstructure and avoid settlement or tilting.

3. Standard Installation Operations

• Temporary Fixation: After positioning the prefabricated wall panels, use two diagonal supports (one long and one short) for temporary fixation to prevent overturning.
• Placement Length: When placing prefabricated panels on concrete components (such as ring beams), the length should be ≥80mm; when placing them on walls, the length should be ≥100mm to ensure stable support.
• Panel Joint Treatment:
  • Leave a gap of 20~40mm between two panels. After installation, apply mortar (pour cement mortar) at both ends of the lower opening to enhance adhesion.
  • Fill the holes at both ends of the wall prefabricated panels with concrete; do not use bricks to fill the gaps.
  • After cleaning debris from the panel joints, pour cement mortar and vibrate it densely; for larger gaps, cast concrete on-site and cure it.
• Floor Panel Restrictions: Do not arbitrarily cut holes or slots in prefabricated floor panels, and do not use them in wet areas such as kitchens and bathrooms.
• Roof Construction: Prefer cast-in-place roofs; if using prefabricated panels, first lay a reinforcing mesh and then pour 6~8mm thick crushed stone concrete to improve impermeability.

4. Special Structure Treatment

• Hard Frame Formwork: When installing floor panels, first set up the formwork and calibrate the dimensions, then bend the floor panel reinforcing bars downward at a 45-degree angle and intersect them, adding a full-length reinforcing bar in the middle. The support distance of the floor panel on the wall is generally 8cm; if the wall thickness is 240cm, support 8cm on each side and leave 8cm in the middle for concrete pouring.
• Constructional Column Treatment: When installing floor panels and encountering constructional columns, add a panel strip to enhance the overall structural integrity.
• Floor Panel Calculation: Plan the quantity and position in advance according to the drawings and floor panel dimensions, or draw an installation diagram to ensure a reasonable layout. The lower part of the floor panel joint should be 2cm wide, and the upper part should be 4cm wide. Fill it with concrete before pouring the floor concrete after the main structure is constructed.