Illustrated Guide to Prefabricated House Installation Methods

The installation methods for prefabricated houses mainly include technical preparation and component production, on-site preparation, preparation before component hoisting, exterior wall installation, joint sealing, grouting, and installation of other components. The details are as follows:

1. Technical Preparation and Component Production
   Design and split components based on design drawings, use BIM software for modeling to conduct clash detection and process simulation to ensure design rationality. Components are manufactured through automated production lines and transported to the site according to the arrival plan. During transportation, finished product protection must be ensured, and components should be stacked in order.

2. On-site Preparation
   After completing the construction of the cast-in-place main structures of the basement, podium, and the first two floors above ground, enter the standard floor assembly construction stage. The site is hardened with 20mm thick steel plates, covering conventional material storage yards, the bottom of external scaffolding, and the travel paths of component vehicles. The model and quantity of tower cranes should be determined based on the weight, quantity, and hoisting range of components to ensure coverage of all work areas.

3. Preparation Before Component Hoisting
   Install dedicated lifting fixtures according to the form and size of components, load them onto vehicles in the hoisting sequence, and mark the serial numbers. After arrival, check the component labels against the drawings and mark the cross-sectional control lines on the component surfaces. Before wall hoisting, embed adjustment tools. Before hoisting all components, complete the construction of the lower support system, accurately adjust the elevation of support points, and measure and correct the column top elevation before hoisting beam components.

4. Exterior Wall Installation (Taking Prefabricated Wall Panels as an Example)

   • Surveying and Setting Out: Determine the installation position of the wall panels.
   • Checking Reserved Rebars: Use dedicated tools to check the positioning and perpendicularity of reserved rebars.
   • Placing Steel Shims: Use a level to check the elevation and ensure the bottom of the wall panels is level.
   • Hoisting and Positioning: When 1m away from the floor, manually assist in slowly lowering. Use a mirror to observe whether the reserved rebars align with the holes, and confirm complete positioning after alignment.
   • Installing Supports: Fix diagonal supports and 7-shaped brackets, calibrate the positioning and perpendicularity of the walls, then unhook and install other wall panels in sequence.

5. Joint Sealing and Grouting
   Use dry-hard cement mortar grouting material to seal the gaps between wall panels and divide them into compartments. After mixing the grout, test its fluidity, seal the lower row of grouting holes, insert the grouting pipe for grouting. When the grout forms a columnar flow from the upper opening, seal the upper row of grouting holes one by one, withdraw the grouting pipe, and then seal the grouting holes.

6. Installation of Other Components

   • Prefabricated Bay Windows: Require processes such as setting out and positioning, binding of wall and column rebars, aluminum formwork sealing, binding of floor slab bottom rebars, pre-embedding of water and electricity pipelines, concrete pouring, and fine leveling of the cast-in-place floor.
   • Prefabricated Balconies: Involve steps such as binding of floor slab bottom rebars, pre-embedding of water and electricity pipelines, concrete pouring, and fine leveling of the cast-in-place floor to ensure stable structural connections.