Emergency Plan for Earthquakes in Prefabricated Houses

Currently, there is no specific earthquake emergency plan directly targeting prefabricated houses, but general principles from the earthquake emergency plan of the housing and urban-rural development system can be referenced, and tailored measures can be formulated based on the characteristics of prefabricated houses. The following elaborates from three aspects: plan framework, emergency response, and safeguard measures:

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I. The plan framework should cover the entire lifecycle of prefabricated houses
The earthquake emergency plan of the housing and urban-rural development system typically includes modules such as the emergency organization system, monitoring and early warning, emergency response, and post-event handling. For prefabricated houses, their uniqueness needs to be clearly defined in the plan: The modular structure, connection nodes, and lightweight materials of prefabricated houses may affect their seismic performance. Specialized analysis of the connection strength and overall stability of prefabricated components should be added during the risk assessment stage. For example, in the revised plan of the Shimian County housing and urban-rural development system in 2025, although prefabricated houses are not directly mentioned, it emphasizes the need to "review the seismic capacity of new building structures," and such clauses can provide references for the prefabricated house plan.

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II. Emergency response should focus on key risk points of prefabricated houses

1. Pre-earthquake prevention:

   • Regularly inspect whether the connecting bolts of prefabricated components are loose and whether the welded joints are cracked to ensure the overall structural integrity;
   • Reinforce lightweight exterior wall panels to prevent them from falling and causing injuries during an earthquake;
   • Set up emergency shelters in concentrated areas of prefabricated houses and plan evacuation routes.

2. Response during an earthquake:

   • If the house has not collapsed: Prioritize shutting off gas and power supplies to avoid secondary disasters; notify residents to evacuate to open areas through broadcasts or mobile phones;
   • If the house is partially damaged: Utilize the replaceability of prefabricated components to quickly isolate dangerous areas (such as tilted balcony panels) to prevent further collapse;
   • If the house has completely collapsed: Refer to the clause in the Shandong Province plan that "life detectors should prioritize searching the gaps between prefabricated components" to improve rescue efficiency.

3. Post-earthquake recovery:

   • For repairable prefabricated houses, prioritize replacing damaged components (such as wall panels and floor slabs) to shorten the repair cycle;
   • For houses that need to be rebuilt, adopt prefabricated technologies with better seismic performance (such as adding energy-dissipating nodes and using high-strength connectors).

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III. Safeguard measures should strengthen the specialized capabilities for prefabricated houses

1. Technical reserves: Establish a seismic design database for prefabricated houses, collecting seismic parameters of different structural forms to provide a basis for emergency response;
2. Material reserves: Stockpile specialized repair tools for prefabricated components (such as high-strength bolts and quick connectors) and spare components to ensure rapid post-earthquake repairs;
3. Training and drills: Regularly organize residents to learn emergency knowledge about prefabricated houses (such as how to identify loose connection nodes) and conduct evacuation drills to enhance their self-rescue capabilities.

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Summary: The earthquake emergency plan for prefabricated houses should be based on the general plan of the housing and urban-rural development system, with measures refined according to their structural characteristics. It should focus on strengthening pre-earthquake inspections, rapid response during earthquakes, and efficient post-earthquake repairs, forming a full-chain management of "prevention-response-recovery".