Precautions for Building Prefabricated Houses

When constructing prefabricated houses, it is necessary to comprehensively control aspects such as preliminary planning, construction safety, use of prefabricated floor slabs, compliance inspections, structural materials, and design to ensure that the construction is legal, compliant, and safe.

I. Preliminary Planning and Approval
Before building a house, it is essential to thoroughly understand local policies and village planning to avoid constructing in prohibited areas such as farmland and water source protection zones. Submit materials such as ID cards and household registration books to relevant departments to apply for a rural construction planning permit. Construction can only commence after obtaining approval.

II. Construction Safety and Quality Control

1. Select a qualified construction team: Ensure that the construction party has the necessary qualifications and sign a formal contract to clarify rights and responsibilities.
2. Supervise the construction process: Focus on inspecting key aspects such as foundation construction and main structure to ensure that the installation of prefabricated floor slabs meets design requirements and is securely connected.
3. Use qualified materials: Prefabricated floor slabs and other building materials must comply with national standards. Strictly inspect materials upon arrival to avoid inferior products.

III. Specifications for Using Prefabricated Floor Slabs

1. Purchase regular products: Choose prefabricated slabs produced by large manufacturers. The steel bars should be prestressed, the concrete strength should be no less than C30, and the specifications and quantity of steel bars should comply with standards.
2. Appearance inspection: The surface of the prefabricated slabs should not have defects such as cracks, honeycombs, or holes.
3. Placement requirements: When placed on concrete components (such as ring beams), the length should be ≥80mm; when placed on walls, the length should be ≥100mm.
4. Installation gaps: Leave gaps of 20-40mm between slabs. After installation, apply mortar at both ends, and fill the holes at both ends of the wall with concrete.
5. Prohibition of cutting holes and slots: Prefabricated floor slabs should not be arbitrarily cut or slotted and are prohibited from being used in kitchens and bathrooms.
6. Gap treatment: After cleaning debris from gaps, pour cement mortar and vibrate it densely. For larger gaps, pour concrete and cure it; do not fill with bricks.
7. Anti-leakage measures: Prefer cast-in-place methods for roofs; if using prefabricated slabs, first arrange a steel bar mesh and then pour 6-8mm thick crushed stone concrete.

IV. Compliance and Inspection
Strictly adhere to building codes and safety standards to ensure that the house is structurally safe and functionally reasonable. After construction is completed, organize relevant departments to conduct a completion inspection. The house can only be put into use after passing the inspection.

V. Structural System and Materials
Clarify the structural system (such as prefabricated concrete shear walls, EPS module cast-in-place concrete, etc.) and provide detailed design and construction specifications. Materials should be selected based on local conditions, prioritizing green, economical, or recyclable materials, and prohibiting the use of high-energy-consuming and excessively polluting materials.

VI. Design Requirements
The architectural style should reflect regional characteristics, consider aging-friendly design, and ensure that the floor plan and facade design facilitate winter sunlight and summer ventilation. The shape should be simple and regular, with functional spaces separated into dynamic and static areas.

VII. Direction of Floor Slab Placement
Determine the direction of prefabricated slab placement based on the house span. Generally, choose the direction with the smaller span for horizontal construction to reduce pressure and the risk of foundation settlement.