Connection Methods for Prefabricated Houses

The connection methods for prefabricated houses mainly include the connection between prefabricated floor slabs and supporting structures, box component assembly methods, and general connection methods for prefabricated concrete components, as detailed below:

Connection Between Prefabricated Floor Slabs and Supporting Structures

• Connection Between Double-T Slabs and Supporting Structures:
  1. Rib-Bottom Connection: Fixed by welding or bolting embedded steel components, suitable for scenarios requiring high-strength connections.
  2. Tongue-and-Groove Connection: Grooves are cut in both the double-T slabs and the supporting structures to form a tongue-and-groove fit, enhancing structural integrity and commonly used in areas with high waterproofing or shear resistance requirements.
  3. Steel Embedded Connector Connection: Mechanical fixation is achieved using steel connectors (such as angle steel or channel steel) embedded in the components, offering convenient construction and reliable connections.
• Other Prefabricated Floor Slabs: For example, prestressed concrete hollow slabs often use dry connection methods such as welding or bolting to reduce wet work and improve construction efficiency.

Box Component Assembly Methods

• Overlapping Assembly of Upper and Lower Boxes:
  • In non-seismic areas for buildings up to 5 stories high, the boxes may not be connected and rely solely on self-weight and friction for stability.
  • In seismic areas or for taller buildings, methods such as post-tensioning, cast-in-place continuous balconies or corridors, bolted connections, or cast-in-place structural columns are used to enhance overall integrity and prevent displacement or collapse during earthquakes.
• Interlaced and Stacked Assembly of Box Components: Staggered arrangement avoids repeated stress on adjacent sides, improving material utilization and reducing costs.
• Assembly of Box Components with Prefabricated Panels: Combines the standardization of box components with the flexibility of prefabricated panels, suitable for rooms with dense equipment piping or complex renovation needs, such as bathrooms and kitchens.

General Connection Methods for Prefabricated Concrete Components

• Rebar Sleeve Connection: Rebars from prefabricated components are inserted into sleeves and injected with high-strength grout to achieve equal-strength connections, suitable for vertical components (such as columns and walls).
• Rebar Grout-Anchored Lap Connection: Rebars are inserted into reserved holes and grouted to form a lap zone for stress transfer, commonly used for horizontal components (such as beams and slabs).
• Welding or Bolting Connection: Embedded parts are directly fixed by welding or high-strength bolts, suitable for nodes requiring rapid assembly and disassembly or complex stress conditions.
• Mechanical Rebar Connection: Rebars are connected using mechanical methods such as threaded sleeves or extrusion sleeves, offering advantages such as fast construction speed and stable quality.

Selection Principles: The selection should be comprehensively determined based on the component's stress requirements (such as axial force, bending moment, shear force), construction conditions (such as on-site working space, equipment capacity), and the building's seismic design requirements. A specialized construction plan should be prepared and approved before implementation to ensure safe and reliable connections.