Prefabricated House Assembly
Prefabricated house assembly mainly includes types such as prefabricated modular housing, pre-cast housing (panel, box, and frame modular types), and container houses. The assembly processes vary depending on the type, but all are characterized by efficiency and standardization.
The assembly process for prefabricated modular housing is relatively typical. Workers first unload heavy timber from trucks and construct the chassis frame of the house on a pre-poured concrete foundation, which serves as the basic structure of the entire house. Next, floor joists are laid to provide support for subsequent floor installation. Then, prefabricated wall modules are moved onto the platform and erected, secured to the base plate with nail guns to ensure wall stability. Subsequently, internal fine division is carried out, with partition wall frames constructed to delineate different functional spaces. Second-floor floor beams are then laid to prepare for the upper structure. Finally, roof construction is undertaken, with large triangular trusses placed on the beams at the top of the walls to complete the overall frame of the house.
Pre-cast housing, also known as prefabricated modular construction, includes major types such as panel modular, box modular, and frame modular construction. Panel modular buildings use prefabricated wall panels and floor slabs as core components, which are primarily spliced and installed during assembly. Box modular construction combines prefabricated functional units, increasing construction speed by 50%-70%. However, it requires higher standards for transportation and lifting equipment, with each functional unit needing to be accurately hoisted and combined during assembly. Modular construction represents a higher level of integration within prefabricated modular construction, with relatively more efficient and convenient assembly.
Container houses are typically prefabricated in factories, with a highly standardized and normalized process that allows multiple processes to be carried out simultaneously. After prefabrication in the factory, they are transported to the site for rapid assembly, significantly shortening the construction period.
Prefabricated concrete technology in China began in the 1950s and saw a resurgence in the 21st century due to its production efficiency and environmental advantages. Companies like Vanke Group have developed prefabricated shear wall residential structural systems and applied prefabricated frame technology in engineering projects, promoting the development and application of prefabricated house assembly technology.
