Installation of Prefabricated Hollow Slab Houses

The installation of prefabricated hollow slab houses should follow the following key steps and specifications:

I. Pre-construction Preparation

1. Slab Inspection: Prefabricated cement hollow slabs should be produced in a standardized factory. Upon arrival at the site, conduct a visual quality inspection, focusing on identifying defects such as cracks on the slab surface, missing corners, and honeycombing. Verify that the dimensions, thickness, and positions of reserved holes comply with the design drawings. Slabs that do not meet specifications should be promptly replaced or treated to avoid compromising structural safety.
2. Equipment and Material Inspection: Ensure that lifting equipment (such as cranes and specialized lifting fixtures), support frames, and joint-filling materials (such as fine aggregate concrete and micro-expansion mortar) are readily available to meet construction requirements.

II. Base Treatment

1. Surface Cleaning: Thoroughly clean the top surfaces of supporting structures (beams, walls, or columns) to remove dust, oil, and loose particles, ensuring a flat and solid base.
2. Leveling and Line Marking: Mark the installation edge lines of the slabs according to design requirements. If there are height differences in the base, use cement mortar for precise leveling to ensure the flatness and uniform stress distribution of the installed slab surface, preventing cracking due to localized stress concentration.

III. Lifting and Positioning

1. Lifting Point Arrangement: When lifting with a crane or specialized lifting fixtures, arrange the lifting points according to the lifting rings or reserved holes specified in the design to avoid slab breakage due to uneven stress distribution. For SP prestressed hollow slabs without lifting points, sling lifting can be used to reduce the cost of embedded parts.
2. Slab Lowering and Adjustment: Slowly lower the slab while adjusting its position to ensure that the overlap length between the slab end and the supporting structure is not less than 80 millimeters, and the gap between adjacent slabs is controlled between 10 and 20 millimeters. Operators should wear safety helmets and establish a warning area.

IV. Joint Filling and Connection

1. Backing Treatment: Insert foam strips or hemp fibers at the bottom of the slab joints to prevent mortar leakage.
2. Joint Filling Material: Use fine aggregate concrete or micro-expansion mortar, vibrating it densely to ensure firm bonding with the slab sides. For buildings with seismic requirements, anchor bars or welded connectors should be installed in the slab joints to form an integrated load-bearing system.
3. Curing Requirements: After joint filling, cover and cure the slabs, maintaining a moist state for at least 7 days to prevent shrinkage cracks.

V. Quality Inspection

1. Elevation and Flatness: Check that the installation elevation deviation of the slabs does not exceed ±5 millimeters, and the height difference between adjacent slabs is less than 3 millimeters.
2. Joint Filling Quality: Confirm that the mortar is fully filled without voids, and the slab surface is free from cracking or damage.
3. Load Limitation: No additional loads should be applied before reaching the curing period to avoid compromising structural stability.