Prefabricated Floor Slab House Construction
The process of constructing houses using prefabricated floor slabs represents an efficient innovation in construction technology, with core stages including foundation treatment, main structure assembly, and floor slab installation and reinforcement, enhancing construction efficiency and structural performance through material and process optimization.
I. Foundation Treatment: Standardization and Strength Assurance
The foundation is the cornerstone of a stable house. Construction begins with leveling the land and pouring a plain concrete cushion, covered with white plastic sheeting to retain moisture, accelerate solidification, and enhance base strength. After the cushion solidifies, 5-ton prefabricated foundation piles are installed and secured to the ground with base plates to ensure vertical stability; the area is then backfilled with soil and lined with thermal insulation and moisture-proof foam boards to reduce heat loss and moisture penetration. Finally, a threaded steel reinforcement mesh is laid and bound into a whole, forming a reinforced concrete composite foundation that significantly improves compressive and deformation resistance. This process, through prefabricated components and standardized operations, shortens the traditional foundation construction period while ensuring structural durability.
II. Main Structure Assembly: Modularization and Rapid Formation
The main structure employs factory-prefabricated load-bearing columns and beams, lifted and assembled on-site using cranes. The components are designed with protruding and recessed mortise-and-tenon joints, aligned and fastened with nuts for rapid connection; the second-floor frame can be formed in just half a day, with stairs directly placed on the beams and connection gaps less than 5 cm, reducing on-site wet work. This modular assembly method relies on high-precision prefabrication technology, ensuring component dimensional tolerances are controlled within millimeters, improving construction efficiency while reducing reliance on manual skills. For example, Korean construction teams using this method can complete main structure assembly in 14 days, shortening the construction period by about 60% compared to traditional brick-and-mortar structures.
III. Floor Slab Installation and Reinforcement: Structural Integration and Performance Enhancement
Prefabricated floor slabs, 5 cm thick, are laid with both ends pressing less than 5 cm onto the beams, sealed with expanding foam to prevent water infiltration, followed by secondary grouting to fill connection gaps. Finally, a steel reinforcement mesh is laid and concrete is poured, integrating the prefabricated floor slabs, beams, and grout layer into a reinforced concrete whole, significantly enhancing structural seismic resistance and load-bearing capacity. To address the weaknesses of traditional prefabricated panel houses in seismic resistance, sound insulation, and thermal insulation, modern technology optimizes performance through modular components of steel-concrete integrated pouring (such as CMC composite modules), shortening the construction period by 30% compared to traditional methods. Additionally, steel prefabricated houses, due to their lightweight nature, are more suitable for ocean transportation and high-rise buildings, while concrete prefabricated houses offer a more traditional living experience, meeting diverse needs.
Prefabricated floor slab technology, through standardized design, modular construction, and material optimization, has achieved industrialization and efficiency improvement in construction, with its application scope expanding alongside growing market demand.
