Prefabricated Assembly Methods for House Walls

There are mainly several prefabricated assembly methods for house walls, including the post-installation method, pre-installation method, and the assembled monolithic concrete shear wall system with grout sleeve connections.

Post-Installation Method (Japanese Method)

In this method, after the completion of the main structure of the house, prefabricated PC wall panels are installed as non-load-bearing structures on the main structure. The main structure can take various forms, including steel structures, cast-in-place concrete structures, and prefabricated concrete structures. The installation process requires extremely high precision in both the construction of the main building and the fabrication of PC components, as most components are connected mechanically using bolts and embedded parts, resulting in "gaps" that require subsequent filling or sealing with glue to ensure the integrity and airtightness of the walls. The advantage of this method lies in its relatively flexible construction, allowing the main structure construction and wall panel installation to be carried out separately to a certain extent. However, the high precision requirements increase construction difficulty and costs.

Pre-Installation Method (Hong Kong Method)

During the construction of the main building, PC wall panels are first installed in place and then connected into an integral structure using cast-in-place concrete. The main structural components are generally cast-in-place concrete or prefabricated composite concrete structures. PC wall panels serve multiple functions; they can be used as non-load-bearing walls, load-bearing walls, or even as seismic shear walls. During construction, the gaps between PC components are filled with cast-in-place concrete, forming a "seamless connection" structure. This structure effectively enhances the waterproofing and sound insulation performance of the rooms, improving living comfort. However, the construction process is relatively complex, requiring strict control over the quality and construction techniques of the cast-in-place concrete.

Assembled Monolithic Concrete Shear Wall System with Grout Sleeve Connections

Specialized transport vehicles are used to deliver components to the site. The component storage area should be flat, hardened, and have drainage requirements. Components should be stacked by model. On the poured floor slab, wall lines and control lines are marked. Reinforcing bars are adjusted, and sponge strips are attached. When lifting vertical components, care should be taken to prevent the steel cables from exerting horizontal forces on the walls. After lifting to the corresponding position, the reinforcing bars are aligned with the gaps in the walls, steel supports are installed, and the wall verticality is adjusted before securing the supports. The bottom of the prefabricated walls uses dry hard mortar, and grouting is done using specialized grout to secure the bottom. The joint areas are reinforced with steel bars and formwork as per design requirements, and concrete is poured to ensure the integrity and stability of the structure.