Prefabricated Assembly House Production

Prefabricated assembly house production involves shifting on-site operations in traditional construction methods to factories, where components are processed and then transported to the site for assembly and installation, representing a modern industrial production approach.

Production Process and Characteristics
Prefabricated assembly house production encompasses both prefabricated concrete structures and steel structures, employing standardized design, factory-based production, modular construction, information management, and intelligent applications. The core lies in dividing buildings into multiple components (such as floor slabs, wall panels, stairs, balconies, beams, plates, walls, columns, etc.), which are processed in factories and then transported to the site for assembly using reliable connection methods like mechanical bolts. This process reduces on-site wet operations, enhances construction efficiency and precision, and simultaneously lowers environmental impact.

Main Types and Advantages

1. Panel Prefabricated Buildings: These buildings use prefabricated wall panels and floor slabs as core components, connected by mechanical bolts to form the structure. Their advantage lies in expanding indoor usable area, though design flexibility is somewhat limited. For example, the prefabricated component project in Jiangbei, Ningbo, adopts a panel structure, achieving efficient construction through standardized connections.
2. Box Prefabricated Buildings: Composed of prefabricated functional units (such as independent rooms), these buildings offer a construction speed increase of 50%-70% compared to traditional methods. However, they rely on large-scale transportation and lifting equipment, imposing higher logistics requirements.
3. Modular Buildings: With the highest level of integration, modular buildings divide buildings into independent modules (including ceilings, walls, water and electricity pipelines, etc.), which are fully fitted out with interiors and equipment in factories before being transported to the site for assembly. Construction periods can be shortened by over 60%, with on-site labor reduced by approximately 50%. For instance, a social housing project in Shenzhen, Guangdong, utilized 6,028 concrete modules for assembly, compressing the completion and delivery timeline from 2.5-3 years to just 1 year.

Development History
China's prefabricated concrete technology originated in the 1950s, initially applied in factory and residential construction. In the 1970s, driven by policies promoting 'factory-based, modular, and standardized' construction, technical systems such as large-panel structures and box structures emerged. By the mid-1980s, the technology stagnated due to cost and quality issues. However, with improved production efficiency and growing environmental demands in the 21st century, the technology has revived and become widely adopted.