Prefabricated Assembly House Production

Prefabricated assembly house production is a new construction method that involves the industrial production of building components followed by on-site assembly, characterized by high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and controllable quality.

Production Methods and Technical Types

The core of prefabricated assembly houses is to transfer traditional on-site operations to factories, where building components (such as floor slabs, wall panels, and stairs) are produced through standardized processes and then transported to construction sites for assembly. Technical types mainly fall into two categories:

1. Prefabricated Concrete Structures: These primarily use prefabricated concrete components (such as beams, slabs, and columns), achieving structural stability through steel bar connections or pouring.
2. Prefabricated Steel Structures: These use steel components as the framework, combined with prefabricated panels to form the building's main body, offering advantages such as lightweight construction and rapid construction.

Production Processes

1. Modular Construction: Buildings are divided into independent modules (such as rooms and bathrooms), which are fully manufactured in factories, including interior decoration and pre-installation of water and electricity pipelines, and then transported to the site for assembly. For example, the China Construction HaiLong Intelligent Construction Industrial Park uses automated production lines with an annual capacity of 20,000 to 30,000 modules.
2. Panel-Based Prefabricated Construction: This method uses prefabricated wall panels and floor slabs as core components, which are produced in factories and then transported to the site for assembly into a complete structure using bolts or welding.

Production Advantages

1. Shortened Construction Period: Modular construction can reduce the construction period by more than 60%. For instance, a public housing project in Shenzhen, Guangdong, used 6,028 concrete modules, compressing the construction period from 2.5-3 years to 1 year.
2. Reduced Pollution: Factory-based production reduces on-site noise, dust, and construction waste. Fujian Province has reduced construction waste by more than 70% through policy support.
3. Controllable Quality: Modular construction controls errors through precision molds and automated equipment, achieving millimeter-level accuracy in steel bar placement to ensure structural safety.

Industrial Foundation and Policy Support

Modular construction requires support from technical systems, production systems, and industrial clusters, imposing high demands on the industrial foundation. At the policy level, the state has identified prefabricated construction as a direction for construction method transformation, as emphasized in the 2016 "Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Vigorously Developing Prefabricated Construction," which highlights resource conservation and environmental protection. Among local policies, Hainan Province plans for prefabricated construction to account for 80% of newly started projects by 2025, while Guangzhou requires 100% implementation of prefabricated construction for residential land starting in 2026.