Materials of Prefabricated Assembly Houses
The materials of prefabricated assembly houses vary according to type and structure, mainly including three categories: light steel, concrete, and reinforced concrete. The specific material compositions and characteristics are as follows:
Light steel prefabricated houses use galvanized light steel keels as the core load-bearing structure. Made of high-strength galvanized steel, these keels are formed through cold bending processes, offering advantages such as light weight, strong corrosion resistance, and excellent earthquake resistance. The exterior walls employ Oriented Strand Board (OSB) or cement siding as facing materials. OSB is made from fast-growing wood through high-temperature and high-pressure forming, providing moisture and fire resistance. Cement siding, reinforced with fibers and based on cement, features a smooth surface and strong weather resistance. Internally, thermal insulation rock wool (made by melting and fiberizing basalt) is filled, which has a low thermal conductivity and effectively blocks heat transfer. The wall surface is treated with a cement mortar plastering and mesh reinforcement process, where glass fiber mesh is embedded in the cement mortar layer to enhance crack resistance and overall strength.
Concrete modular prefabricated houses use C30-C40 grade concrete as the main material. This concrete is formulated with Portland cement, sand and gravel aggregates, and admixtures in specific proportions, offering high strength and durability. Inside, Φ8-Φ12 steel reinforcement mesh (threaded steel bars with diameters of 8-12 millimeters) is installed, forming a three-dimensional framework through welding or binding, significantly improving the structure's tensile and shear resistance. Its compressive strength reaches 25-30MPa, 1.5 times that of traditional brick-concrete structures. The walls are pre-designed with EPS insulation layer slots (slots for expanded polystyrene foam boards). When inserted on-site, these slots enhance thermal insulation performance by 40%. EPS boards, made from expandable polystyrene granules, feature a closed-cell structure that combines light weight with efficient thermal insulation.
Prefabricated hollow slabs use steel reinforcement and concrete as the primary materials. The steel reinforcement employs hot-rolled ribbed bars (HRB400 grade), forming a framework through binding longitudinal load-bearing bars and stirrups to provide bending and shear resistance. The concrete uses Portland cement as the binding agent, mixed with sand and gravel in specific proportions and poured to form a hollow structural slab. The hollow design maintains structural strength while reducing self-weight, facilitating lifting and transportation, and is suitable for horizontal components such as floor slabs and roof slabs.
