Prefabricated Assembled Housing

Prefabricated assembled housing is a construction form that involves industrial production of building components and on-site assembly. It offers advantages such as shortened construction periods and reduced pollution, representing a modern industrial production method.

Main Types and Technologies

Prefabricated assembled housing is mainly divided into panel-assembled, box-assembled, and frame-assembled types. Panel-assembled housing uses prefabricated wall panels and floor slabs as core components, allowing for expanded usable area but with limited design flexibility. Box-assembled housing combines prefabricated functional units, increasing construction speed by 50%-70%, but requiring higher transportation and lifting equipment. Modular construction represents a more integrated model. Technologies include prefabricated concrete structures and steel structures, with components such as beams, slabs, walls, and columns being prefabricated products.

Development History and Policy Support

China's prefabricated concrete technology began in the 1950s, initially applied in factory and residential construction. In the 1970s, driven by the policy of "three modernizations" in construction, technical systems such as large-panel structures and box structures were formed. In the mid-1980s, the industry stagnated due to cost and quality issues but recovered in the 21st century due to production efficiency and environmental advantages. Companies like Vanke Group have developed prefabricated shear wall residential structural systems and applied prefabricated frame technology in projects. In terms of policy, the "Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Vigorously Developing Prefabricated Buildings" was issued in 2016, clarifying its status as a major transformation in construction methods. By 2025, prefabricated buildings will account for 80% of newly started construction in Hainan Province. Starting from 2026, all residential land parcels sold in Guangzhou will implement prefabricated construction, with commercial and industrial land adopting the technology "wherever technically feasible."

Construction Process and Practical Applications

Taking prefabricated assembled residential housing as an example, the construction process includes: building a chassis frame on a concrete foundation, laying floor joists and installing wooden panels to form the foundation platform; erecting prefabricated wall modules to divide internal space and constructing partition wall frameworks; laying second-floor floor beams and then constructing the roof, with ground and roof workers cooperating to lift triangular trusses to the top beams of the walls. Additionally, Chinese-made prefabricated houses are selling well overseas, with Guangzhou Customs reporting exports of movable houses worth 1.4 billion yuan in the first four months of 2026, a year-on-year increase of 38.1%.