Construction Process of Prefabricated Assembled Houses

The construction process of prefabricated assembled houses mainly includes five stages: preliminary preparation, foundation construction, component hoisting and assembly, internal fine division and space improvement, and completion and acceptance, as follows:

Preliminary preparation is the foundational step in construction. It involves creating a 3D model using BIM technology based on design drawings, dividing the building into standardized prefabricated components such as exterior wall panels, interior wall panels, composite floor slabs, stairs, beams, and columns. The dimensions, specifications, and embedded positions of each component are specified, and collision detection is performed to avoid conflicts during construction. Factories use automated equipment for steel bar processing, formwork support, concrete pouring, and curing. Before leaving the factory, components undergo six inspections, including appearance, strength, and embedded parts. Upon passing inspection, a QR code identity file is attached for traceability management. On-site, transportation routes and storage areas for components are planned in advance. The site must be leveled and compacted, with components stacked according to the 'three zones, two lines' principle to ensure orderly storage.

During the foundation construction stage, the house's chassis frame is built on the pre-poured cement foundation, ensuring precise positioning of embedded parts to lay the foundation for subsequent connections of prefabricated components. The accuracy of this step directly affects the overall structural stability.

Component hoisting and assembly is the core stage. Prefabricated wall modules, floor joists, roof trusses, and other components are transported to the site and hoisted using equipment such as tower cranes. After precise alignment, wall modules are fixed to the floor slab with nail guns or metal connectors; floor joists are secured with metal connectors once in place; roof trusses require close coordination between ground and roof workers to be lifted and installed on the top beams of the walls.

In the internal fine division and space improvement stage, after the exterior wall frame is enclosed, partition wall skeletons are cut and assembled indoors, while second-floor floor beams are laid to complete the building's skeletal system, providing a foundation for subsequent decoration.

During the completion and acceptance stage, after all components are assembled, final tasks such as connecting water and electricity pipelines and decoration are carried out, followed by quality acceptance. The entire construction process adopts a 'factory prefabrication + on-site assembly' model, transferring 70%-90% of traditional construction processes to the factory. Only hoisting, connection, and simple finishing are required on-site, significantly shortening the construction period and improving construction quality.