Prefabricated Assembled House Construction Method

The prefabricated assembled house construction method is a building approach that combines factory-prefabricated components with on-site professional installation to achieve efficient, low-cost, and green construction. The core processes and key points are as follows:

I. Preliminary Preparation: Standardization and Precision in Parallel

1. Drawing Deepening and Component Segmentation: Utilize BIM technology to establish a three-dimensional model, segmenting the building into standardized prefabricated components (such as wall panels, floor slabs, and beams and columns), clarifying dimensions, specifications, and the positions of embedded parts, and avoiding installation conflicts through clash detection.
2. Factory Prefabrication and Quality Acceptance: Components are produced in professional factories using automated equipment, covering steel bar processing, formwork support, concrete pouring, and curing. Before leaving the factory, six inspections including appearance, strength, and embedded parts are required. After passing the inspections, a QR code is attached for traceability of production information.
3. On-site Layout: Plan transportation routes and storage areas, and classify and store components according to the principle of 'three zones and two lines' (e.g., wall panels are stored vertically, and floor slabs are stacked no more than six layers high). The bottom is elevated by 30 cm and covered with waterproof cloth for moisture protection. At the same time, install equipment such as tower cranes and establish a millimeter-level measurement control network to ensure the accuracy of lifting and positioning.

II. Foundation Construction: Precise Positioning of Embedded Parts is Key
The foundation construction process is similar to that of traditional cast-in-place foundations, but it is necessary to focus on controlling the positional accuracy of embedded parts, as they directly determine the connection quality of subsequent prefabricated components. For example, vertical components are anchored to the foundation through embedded sleeves, and horizontal components are fixed through embedded bolts, all of which require high-precision measurement to ensure that deviations are within the allowable range.

III. Component Lifting and Connection: Technological Innovation Enhances Efficiency and Safety

1. Equipment Selection: Select appropriate lifting equipment (such as tower cranes and truck cranes) according to the weight, dimensions, and construction environment of the components.
2. Support and Protection System: Adopt disk-buckle steel pipe support frames, reducing the turnover materials by two-thirds and doubling work efficiency; replace traditional external scaffolding with cantilevered tripods to reduce costs and shorten the construction period.
3. Lifting Process: For fully prefabricated concrete (PC) structures, large-scale assembly of composite beams and slabs is adopted, eliminating the need for traditional formwork erection; vertical components are fixed through positioning pins or temporary supports, and horizontal components are quickly connected through embedded parts.
4. Node Connection Technology: Vertical column steel bars are connected through sleeve grouting, and beam-column nodes are reinforced through keyway and end-anchor processes to enhance integrity; composite beams and slabs are reinforced with steel bars at the composite surface and poured as a whole to improve seismic performance.

IV. Installation of Other Components: Functional Integration and Process Simplification

1. NALC Wall Panels: These panels have self-insulation functions, eliminating the need for plastering and insulation construction after installation. The construction period for secondary structures is shortened by three-quarters, and costs are reduced by two-thirds.
2. Integrated Bathrooms: Factory-prefabricated integrated bathrooms are adopted to solve the problems of excessive wet work and potential leakage in traditional construction, improving residential quality and construction efficiency.

This construction method significantly shortens the construction period (30%-50% less than traditional methods), reduces costs (approximately 20%-30%), and minimizes construction waste (reduced by over 60%), aligning with the development trend of green buildings.