On-site Prefabricated House Structural Diagram
Currently, an on-site prefabricated house structural diagram cannot be directly provided, but the key structures and processes of prefabricated house structures can be introduced.
The core of prefabricated building construction lies in assembling building structures on-site using prefabricated components manufactured in factories. The process and component design directly impact the stability and safety of the house. The following explains from two aspects: the prefabrication process and structural components:
Foundation Fixation and Base Beam Embedding in Prefabricated Buildings
The construction of a prefabricated house starts with foundation engineering, with foundation excavation and fixation being the initial step. Construction personnel need to determine the building location according to the design drawings and excavate foundation pits that meet the required depth and width to ensure that the foundation bearing capacity meets the design standards. For example, in areas with soft soil foundations, foundation reinforcement may be required through methods such as soil replacement or pile driving to prevent later settlement. Subsequently, base beam embedding is carried out, which involves laying a steel reinforcement framework at the bottom of the foundation pit and pouring concrete to form a base beam. The base beam serves to connect the prefabricated components to the foundation, and its elevation and levelness must be precisely controlled, usually calibrated using a laser level or a water level, with an error tolerance of within ±5mm to ensure the accuracy of subsequent component installation.
Types of Prefabricated Components and Basic Structural Fixation
The main components of a prefabricated house include prefabricated beams, prefabricated columns, and prefabricated floor slabs, among others. These components are cast and formed in factories using molds and transported to the site after reaching the required curing standards. In the basic structural fixation stage, the prefabricated columns are vertically installed on the base beams, connected using reserved steel bars or bolts, and fixed with temporary supports to prevent tipping. Subsequently, the prefabricated beams are installed. The connections between beams and columns usually adopt column-to-column connections or beam-to-column connections, such as being fixed with high-strength bolts or welded, to ensure that the node bearing capacity meets the design requirements. Finally, the prefabricated floor slabs are laid. The connections between the floor slabs and beams may adopt wet connections (pouring concrete) or dry connections (bolt fixation), depending on the design requirements.
Design and Construction of Structural Nodes
The structural nodes of a prefabricated house are key load-bearing parts that require strict control. Column-to-column connections are mostly used in multi-story buildings, where reserved steel bars are inserted into the reserved holes of the lower columns, and then high-strength concrete is poured to achieve the connection. This connection method can effectively transfer vertical loads. Beam-to-column connections need to consider the transfer of horizontal loads (such as wind loads and seismic actions), usually adopting steel sleeve connections or welded nodes to ensure that the node stiffness is coordinated with the overall structure. For example, in seismic fortification areas, beam-to-column nodes need to pass seismic checks to ensure that brittle failure does not occur under seismic actions.
The construction of a prefabricated house must strictly follow design specifications, with precise control required in every step from foundation excavation to component installation to ensure the safety and durability of the building.
