Installation of Prefabricated Panels for Modern Houses

The installation of prefabricated panels for modern houses must strictly adhere to standardized procedures and key points to ensure structural safety and performance, as detailed below:

1. Material Selection and Inspection
Prefabricated panels should be sourced from reputable manufacturers, with core materials meeting the following standards:

• Steel Bars: Use prestressed steel bars with tensile strength and ductility conforming to design requirements to ensure load-bearing capacity.
• Concrete: The strength grade should be no less than C30 to ensure structural durability.
• Appearance Quality: The surface should be free from cracks, honeycombs, holes, and other defects to avoid structural safety hazards caused by material flaws.

2. Placement and Support Requirements
The placement position of prefabricated panels directly affects structural stability, and the minimum length should be determined based on the type of supporting member:

• Concrete Members (e.g., Ring Beams): The placement length should be no less than 80mm to ensure effective load transfer.
• Walls: The placement length should be no less than 100mm to avoid local stress concentration leading to cracking.
  Additionally, the installation of prefabricated wall panels requires adjusting verticality and elevation through positioning lines and support systems, such as using a level to check elevation and placing adjustment shims to correct skewed steel bars, ensuring installation accuracy.

3. Installation Gaps and Node Treatment

• Panel Gaps: A gap of 20-40mm should be left between two prefabricated panels, with bedding mortar (using cement mortar) applied at both ends of the panels to enhance connection density.
• End Sealing: Holes in prefabricated panels installed at both ends of walls should be sealed with concrete to prevent moisture or pest intrusion.
• Lifting of Composite Panels: Use a lifting beam to ensure that lifting points are subjected to force simultaneously, avoiding cracks or distortion caused by uneven force distribution.

4. Usage Restrictions and Leak Prevention Measures

• Hole Drilling Restrictions: Prefabricated floor slabs are strictly prohibited from being arbitrarily drilled or slotted to avoid damaging the prestressed system and reducing load-bearing capacity.
• Usage Scenarios: Avoid using prefabricated floor slabs in damp areas such as kitchens and bathrooms to prevent steel bar corrosion caused by water seepage.
• Roof Leak Prevention: Prioritize using cast-in-place roofs; if prefabricated panels are used, first lay a steel bar mesh and then pour 6-8mm thick crushed stone concrete to form a waterproof layer.

5. Gap Treatment and Maintenance

• Cleaning Debris: Thoroughly clean dust and debris from panel gaps before installation to avoid affecting bonding quality.
• Pouring Materials: For small gaps, use cement mortar for pouring and vibration compaction; for large gaps, use cast-in-place concrete for filling, and prohibit using bricks for filling.
• Maintenance Requirements: After pouring, cover and maintain moisture to prevent cracking caused by drying shrinkage.