Mobile Toilet Design Standards
Mobile toilet design standards cover multiple aspects such as structural form, mobility method, sewage treatment method, and accessibility requirements, as detailed below:
Structural Form: Mobile toilets are primarily divided into two types based on their structural form: single-structure mobile toilets and composite-structure mobile toilets. Single-structure mobile toilets are typically designed simply, facilitating rapid deployment and mobility, making them suitable for temporary events or emergencies. Composite-structure mobile toilets, on the other hand, incorporate various materials and technologies, offering higher stability and durability, and are suitable for long-term use or locations with high environmental requirements.
Mobility Method: Depending on their mobility method, mobile toilets can be classified as lifting/handling mobile toilets and powered/trailer-mounted mobile toilets. Lifting/handling mobile toilets are usually smaller in size and lighter in weight, facilitating manual or mechanical handling. Powered/trailer-mounted mobile toilets are equipped with a power system or trailer device, allowing them to be towed by vehicles or move independently, making them suitable for scenarios requiring frequent relocation or long-distance transportation.
Sewage Treatment Method: Mobile toilets employ various sewage treatment methods, including flush and non-flush suction-type mobile toilets, and recirculating flush-type mobile toilets. Among them, waterless sanitary toilets (commonly referred to as mobile toilets) can treat waste without traditional flushing, using physical, biological, or chemical technologies to replace the flushing function, thereby conserving water resources and reducing sewage discharge. Their design and manufacturing must comply with the requirements of the GB/T18092 'Waterless Sanitary Toilets' standard to ensure hygiene, environmental protection, and sustainability.
Accessibility Requirements: If a mobile toilet is located in a public building and serves as an accessible toilet, it must adhere to the relevant requirements of the 'General Code for Accessibility in Buildings and Municipal Engineering' (GB 55019 - 2021). Specifically, it should be located near public restrooms, have an area of not less than 4.00 square meters, and have a wheelchair turning space with a diameter of not less than 1.5 meters inside. It should be equipped with an accessible toilet seat, accessible sink, multifunctional table, low-level clothes hook, and emergency call device. It should also have a horizontally sliding door or an outward-opening hinged door to facilitate wheelchair access and use.
