How to Make Prefabricated House Beams

The production of prefabricated house beams follows a process that includes design, mold making, steel bar processing, formwork installation, concrete pouring, curing, demolding, and lifting for transportation. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Design Preparation and Steel Bar Processing and Binding
   Determine the dimensions, shape, and steel bar configuration requirements of the beams according to the design drawings. Steel bar processing should be carried out in a dedicated area for cutting, bending, and welding to ensure that the shape and dimensions meet the design standards. When binding, use tools such as guide bar clamps to fix the positions of the steel bars. Follow the sequence of "bottom plate bottom steel bars → web and flange plate stirrups → prestressed pipe layout → top plate bottom steel bars → installation of top plate corrugated pipes, lifting rings, and embedded part positioning frames" to gradually form the structure. Prestressed pipes, anchor plates, and other embedded parts should be fixed to the steel bar framework before concrete pouring to prevent displacement.

2. Mold Making and Formwork Installation
   The mold should be customized according to the design dimensions of the beams. Steel molds have high strength and good reusability, while wooden molds are low-cost but require additional support. Clean the mold and apply a release agent before installation to prevent concrete adhesion. The formwork installation sequence is as follows: bottom formwork positioning → side formwork hoisting (connect firmly with the bottom formwork, adjust the perpendicularity and flatness) → internal formwork assembly (assemble in sections and then hoist as a whole, support the bottom on steel bar stools, use steel bars for side plate positioning, and install pressure bars at the top to control floating). Seal the joints of the formwork to prevent concrete leakage.

3. Concrete Pouring and Vibration
   Concrete should be strictly mixed at the batching plant according to the mix ratio, controlling the slump (usually 160-200mm) and workability, and preventing segregation during transportation. Pouring should be carried out using a layered and segmented advancing method: first pour the bottom plate, then pour the web (longitudinally segmented and horizontally layered), and finally pour the top plate. Vibration should be mainly carried out with high-frequency attached vibrators, supplemented by immersion vibrators. Focus on treating areas with dense steel bars and around embedded parts to avoid honeycombing and pitting caused by insufficient or excessive vibration.

4. Curing, Demolding, and Lifting
   After pouring, cover and maintain moisture (e.g., spray water on geotextiles) for a curing period of no less than 7 days (determined according to the increase in concrete strength). After reaching the design strength, proceed with demolding. First, remove the side formwork and internal formwork, and then lift the bottom formwork. Avoid colliding with the edges of the beams during demolding to prevent chipping. Finally, use a gantry crane or truck crane to transport the beams to the installation site. Fix them firmly during transportation to prevent deformation.

Key Control Points: Strictly monitor the processing accuracy of steel bars, the perpendicularity of formwork installation, the compactness of concrete vibration, the curing humidity, and the demolding strength to ensure that the load-bearing capacity and durability of the beams meet the design requirements.