How to Lay Prefabricated Boards in an Irregular House

When laying prefabricated boards in an irregular house, it is necessary to adjust the direction according to the actual span and structural characteristics to ensure load-bearing stability and safety. The specific operations are as follows:

I. Selection of Board Direction

1. General Principle: The long axis of the prefabricated board should be perpendicular to the foundation direction, and the short axis should be parallel to the foundation direction to enhance load-bearing capacity. If the foundation direction of the house is irregular, priority should be given to spanning the prefabricated board across spaces with smaller spans to disperse pressure and reduce the risk of foundation settlement. For example, if the span in one direction is significantly smaller than that in another direction, the long axis of the prefabricated board should be laid along the direction of the smaller span.
2. Special Circumstances: If the house structure is complex (such as irregularly shaped spaces), an oblique layout method can be adopted to adjust the laying angle to meet structural requirements. However, this method requires more complex construction techniques and equipment support and should be operated by professionals.

II. Joint Direction and Layout

1. Joint Direction: Joints are generally laid perpendicular to the length direction of the boards to avoid cracks or hollow areas. When the house is irregular, it is necessary to reasonably arrange the joint positions according to the board size and design requirements to prevent joints from being too dense or too dispersed and ensure overall firm connection.
2. Joint Treatment: When installing, a gap of 20-40mm should be left between two boards. The ends of the boards should be bedded with mortar, and the holes at both ends of the prefabricated boards against the wall should be plugged with concrete. The gaps should be treated with cement mortar or concrete, and bricks are prohibited from being used for filling.

III. Installation Direction and Load-Bearing Capacity

1. Installation Direction: It should comply with design requirements and actual conditions. The installation direction should be determined according to the long and short axes of the boards, while considering the joint effect between boards and overall load-bearing capacity.
2. Load-Bearing Optimization: If the house has a large span or poor foundation conditions, a cushion or reinforcing bars can be added under the prefabricated boards to improve overall stability.

IV. Other Key Considerations

1. Material Selection: Purchase prefabricated boards produced by regular manufacturers. The steel bars should be prestressed steel bars, and the concrete strength should be no less than C30.
2. Pre-construction Preparation: Before laying, ensure that the ground is flat, dry, and clean, and the foundation is firm. Reinforce the boards (such as by applying a strengthening agent).
3. Usage Restrictions: Prefabricated boards should not be arbitrarily cut or notched. They should be avoided in kitchens and bathrooms. For roofs, it is recommended to use cast-in-place construction or add steel bar mesh to enhance impermeability.

Summary: When laying prefabricated boards in an irregular house, it is necessary to comprehensively consider span, structure, materials, and construction details. By adjusting the board direction, joint layout, and installation method, structural safety and durability can be ensured. If construction conditions are complex, it is recommended to entrust a professional team for operation.