How to Insulate Prefabricated Houses

The construction of insulation layers for prefabricated houses requires systematic design in areas such as exterior walls, roofs, floors, and doors and windows, combined with material selection and process control to achieve efficient insulation. The specific methods are as follows:

I. Exterior Wall Insulation Construction

1. Material Selection: Prioritize materials with low thermal conductivity and strong flame retardancy, such as vacuum insulation panels (VIP panels, thermal conductivity ≤ 0.008 W/(m·K)), extruded polystyrene foam boards (XPS, thermal conductivity ≤ 0.028 W/(m·K)), or graphite-modified polystyrene boards (GEPS). Supporting materials must be provided with certificates of conformity, such as special adhesive mortar, stainless steel self-tapping anchors (diameter ≥ 8 mm, anchoring depth ≥ 30 mm), and butyl rubber sealing tapes.
2. Construction Process:
   • Base Layer Treatment: Remove mold release agents and oil stains from the wall panel surface, ensuring a flatness deviation ≤ 5 mm. Cracks or chipped corners must be repaired in advance.
   • Insulation Layer Adhesion: Adopt hanging or bonding processes, such as a 200 mm thick autoclaved aerated concrete wall panel composite with a 50 mm thick VIP panel system. When cutting materials, reserve a 0.5-1 cm gap to avoid arching due to dimensional deviations.
   • Joint Treatment: Strengthen sealing at wall panel joints and the eight-corner angles of door and window openings. Seal pipeline penetration areas with butyl rubber tape.
3. Construction Points: Materials should be stacked on wooden blocks for moisture prevention. VIP panels should be stacked horizontally with a height ≤ 1.2 m, and the ambient temperature should be controlled between 5-30°C. Sample room acceptance must be completed before construction.

II. Roof Insulation Construction

1. Material Selection: Inverted insulation commonly uses 100 mm thick XPS boards (thermal conductivity ≤ 0.028 W/(m·K), combustion performance B1 grade).
2. Construction Process: Lay the insulation layer below the roof, simultaneously designing drainage paths to avoid water accumulation. The insulation layer should be laid flat, with joints staggered to reduce thermal bridge effects.

III. Floor Insulation Construction

1. Material Selection: Select 30 mm thick GEPS boards (thermal conductivity ≤ 0.032 W/(m·K), tensile strength ≥ 0.15 MPa).
2. Construction Process: The insulation layer should be tightly adhered to the structural layer to avoid hollowing. Concealed works acceptance should be conducted after laying.

IV. Door and Window Insulation Design

1. Material Selection: Use double-layer or multi-layer glass high-efficiency thermal insulation windows, paired with curtains to reduce heat loss.
2. Construction Points: Fill gaps during installation with expanding foam or sealant to ensure sealing performance and prevent cold air infiltration.

V. Construction Precautions

1. Safety Protection: Construction personnel must wear protective clothing, gloves, masks, and safety helmets, and use cutting tools in accordance with regulations.
2. Environmental Control: Adjust working hours during high-temperature weather (e.g., 33°C) to avoid material deformation.
3. Quality Acceptance: The insulation system is designed for a service life of 25 years and must meet thermal conductivity requirements (exterior walls ≤ 0.45 W/(㎡·K), roofs ≤ 0.30 W/(㎡·K), floors ≤ 0.55 W/(㎡·K)).