How to Handle Water and Electricity in Prefabricated Houses

The embedding of water and electricity pipelines in prefabricated houses should follow key points such as accurate point positioning and secure pipeline embedding, as detailed below:

Accurate Point Positioning

• Confirm Specific Locations: On the formwork of the ceiling or walls, accurately determine the locations of water and electricity points based on drawings and actual site conditions, covering lights, sockets, and bathroom drainage pipes. For example, to confirm the light position, draw a cross line from the ceiling to find the center; to confirm the socket position, measure the dimensions from the edge of the formwork; to confirm the bathroom drainage pipe position, also measure from the edge of the formwork.
• Mark and Secure Properly: After confirming the points, accurately mark them on the formwork with paint, then install the electrical boxes and securely fix them to the formwork or rebar to prevent displacement during subsequent construction.

Secure Pipeline Embedding

• Reasonable Layout Position: It is best to embed the pipelines within the beams. If embedding within the floor slab, arrange the pipelines between the upper and lower layers of rebar mesh to ensure a reasonable pipeline position that does not affect structural safety.
• Control Pipe Diameter and Reinforcement: The diameter of the embedded pipes should not exceed 1/4 of the slab thickness. If exceeded, add φb4 rebar mesh along the direction of the embedded pipeline, with a width of not less than 240mm, to enhance structural stability.
• Avoid Crossings and Arrange Properly: Avoid three-dimensional crossings of embedded pipelines as much as possible. If crossings are necessary, they should not exceed two layers of pipelines, and structural reinforcement should be provided; at the distribution points of multiple embedded pipelines, arrange them in a radial pattern to avoid tight parallel arrangements. When more than two embedded pipes run parallel, add Φ4＠150 rebar mesh with a width of 500mm along the pipe direction.
• Secure Connections and Sealing: Securely fix the pipe joints and electrical box connections to prevent deformation or damage to the pipes; when embedding water and electricity pipelines, seal the pipe openings with tape to prevent mortar and other debris from entering and causing blockages.

Other Key Points

• Special Handling for Rural Self-Built Houses: For rural self-built houses, it is recommended to only embed the pipelines for lights and air conditioners, leaving holes for wires, drainage, and water supply in the floor slab. Other work can be done during secondary renovation to avoid too many pipelines affecting the prefabrication force of the rebar and concrete.
• Embedding Direction and Bend Handling: Embed the pipelines in as straight a line as possible between two points, not horizontally and vertically. Install junction boxes at bends, and make small bends into arcs.