Diagrammatic Method for Prefabricated Wall Structure of Houses

The diagrammatic method for the prefabricated wall structure of houses primarily refers to the 16G906 national standard drawing set and related construction process diagrams, integrating prefabricated modeling technology to achieve standardized operations in structural design and construction.

I. Core Content of the 16G906 National Standard Drawing Set

The 16G906 drawing set is a core technical document for the prefabricated concrete shear wall structural system, with diagrammatic content covering three major modules:

1. Structural System and Construction Process: Illustrates the components of prefabricated shear walls (such as prefabricated wall panels, composite slabs, connection nodes, etc.) and the overall construction process, including full-cycle management from component production to on-site installation.
2. Key Construction Processes:
   • Component Stacking and Finished Product Protection: Specifies the stacking method for prefabricated wall panels (such as layered stacking, support pad positions) and protective measures (such as covering with waterproof cloth, avoiding collisions) to prevent deformation or damage to components.
   • Lifting and Installation: Details the lifting point design, lifting angle control, and installation sequence for prefabricated wall panels to ensure accurate positioning of components. For example, specialized lifting tools are used to balance the stress on the wall panels and prevent cracking.
   • Cast-in-place Node Treatment: Provides requirements for steel bar positioning, grout mix ratios, and curing for connection nodes between prefabricated walls and cast-in-place sections (such as sleeve grouting connections, grout anchor connections) to ensure structural integrity.
   • Exterior Wall Waterproof Joints: Uses diagrammatic explanations of elastic sealants and drainage slope designs to address leakage issues at joints between exterior wall panels, enhancing building durability.

II. Practical Guidance from Construction Process Diagrams

The construction process diagrams for prefabricated concrete shear wall residential structures further refine operational steps, taking the construction of prefabricated wall panels as an example:

1. Material and Equipment Preparation: Specifies the required materials (such as high-strength grout, sealants) and equipment (such as grout pumps, laser levelers) to ensure construction conditions meet requirements.
2. Stacking and Transportation: Regulates the number of layers for stacking prefabricated wall panels (generally not exceeding 6 layers), support pad spacing (≤1.5m), and transportation fixation methods (such as bundling with specialized racks) to reduce transportation damage.
3. Installation Construction: Analyzes key actions in 19 sub-sections, such as "wall panel leveling" which requires achieving a verticality deviation of ≤3mm through adjustable supports; "bedding construction" which demands uniform bedding layer thickness (20±5mm) to avoid voids.

III. Application of Prefabricated Modeling Technology

Digital design of prefabricated wall structures is achieved through BIM software:

1. Drawing Interpretation and Information Extraction: Obtains parameters such as prefabricated wall numbers (e.g., YQ-1), shapes (I-shaped/L-shaped), prefabricated section heights (2.8m), and bedding heights (0.1m) from drawings.
2. Modeling Steps:
   • New Component Creation: Defines the type of prefabricated wall in the software and inputs attributes such as cross-sectional dimensions and concrete strength grades.
   • Steel Bar Processing: Arranges prefabricated steel bars (such as vertical distribution bars, tie bars) according to drawings and sets connection methods (such as mechanical connections or welding).
   • Clash Detection: Simulates the construction process through a 3D model to proactively identify clashes between steel bars and embedded parts, optimizing the design.

The aforementioned methods, combining standard drawing sets, practical diagrams, and digital technology, can systematically address technical challenges in the design, construction, and management of prefabricated wall structures.