House Foundation Prefabrication Methods

House foundation prefabrication methods mainly include two major aspects: foundation reinforcement and foundation moisture-proof treatment, as detailed below:

Foundation Reinforcement Methods

Foundation reinforcement is a core part of house foundation prefabrication, directly affecting building stability.

1. Compaction Method: Repeatedly compact the original foundation soil layer using a pneumatic hammer or heavy road roller to increase soil density to the load-bearing capacity standard for self-built houses. This method is suitable for sites with relatively uniform soil quality and moderate moisture content. It is simple to operate and has a low cost, but attention should be paid to ensuring that the compaction depth covers the designed load-bearing layer.
2. Soil Replacement Method: Excavate loose, weak, or overly moist soil layers from the foundation and replace them with high-density, stable materials (such as sand and gravel) for backfilling. This method can thoroughly improve foundation performance but has a high cost and requires handling of the excavated waste soil. It is suitable for local areas with poor geological conditions.
3. Piling Method: Insert reinforced concrete piles into soft soil layers to transfer loads through the friction between the piles and the surrounding soil or the end-bearing capacity, enhancing foundation stability. This method is mostly used for small buildings or areas with complex geological conditions, but it is necessary to calculate pile length and spacing according to soil quality to avoid insufficient load-bearing capacity.

Foundation Moisture-Proof Treatment Methods

Moisture-proof treatment can effectively block underground moisture from entering the interior, extending the building's service life.

1. Film Covering Method: After foundation backfilling and compaction, first lay a layer of fine sand and gravel for leveling, then cover it with high-density polyethylene film (PE film or geotechnical film), and finally pour a concrete cushion or floor. The film must be completely spliced and free of damage to prevent moisture from seeping through gaps.
2. Prefabricated Panel Elevation Method: After pouring the ground beam, backfill the soil to a height of 30-50 cm from the ground and compact it, leaving a cavity between the foundation and the first-floor ground. Moisture rises to the cavity and dissipates naturally. Ensure that the downspout avoids the prefabricated panels and seal the gaps with C20 concrete.
3. Ground Ring Beam Waterproofing: After pouring the ground ring beam, first lay a polypropylene waterproof layer on its upper surface, then apply waterproof mortar plastering to form double protection and prevent foundation moisture from rising along the wall.
4. Combination of Masonry Materials: When building walls, first use solid red bricks to build a height of 15-20 cm near the foundation, and then switch to perforated bricks. Solid bricks have high density and strong moisture-proof properties, effectively blocking moisture from the foundation from spreading upward.

The above methods should be selected comprehensively based on geological conditions, building type, and budget. During construction, strict adherence to specifications is required to ensure foundation stability and moisture-proof effects.