Hoisting High-rise Prefabricated Housing Structure

The hoisting of high-rise prefabricated housing structures typically employs a modular construction approach, achieving efficient construction through coordinated factory prefabrication and on-site hoisting operations. The core processes and technical highlights are as follows:

I. Modular Construction Approach and Core Equipment
Modular construction involves breaking down a building into independent modules, which are then integrated with structural, mechanical, electrical, and decorative components in a factory setting before being transported to the construction site for assembly. Core equipment includes rigging, lifting gear, and multi-strand high-strength steel cables, with hoisting machinery encompassing crawler cranes, wheel cranes, and tower cranes. Among these, tower cranes, with their large lifting capacity and flexible turning radius, are the preferred choice for hoisting in high-rise buildings, meeting the construction requirements for various heights and component sizes.

II. Hoisting Process and Key Parameters

1. Equipment Selection: Choose an appropriate crane based on component size, weight, and installation location, ensuring that technical parameters such as lifting capacity and turning radius meet construction requirements. For example, heavy prefabricated exterior walls require tower cranes with a lifting capacity exceeding 1.2 times the component's self-weight.
2. Positioning and Verification: Taking the hoisting of prefabricated exterior walls as an example, it is necessary to set out positioning axes, verify the positions of embedded bolts, and clean the construction floor to ensure component installation accuracy.
3. Lifting and Hovering: The component is lifted to approximately 500 millimeters above the ground and held for inspection to eliminate risks such as loose steel cables or component tilting; it is then hovered at about 1 meter above the floor to eliminate sway and avoid collision with installed structures.
4. Precise Positioning: When the component is approximately 300 millimeters above the ground, it is initially positioned, and then slowly lowered into place after aligning the holes. Finally, the horizontal position and verticality are adjusted using diagonal supports, with an error controlled within ±3 millimeters.

III. Advantages of Modular Construction

1. Shortened Construction Period: A social housing project in Shenzhen, Guangdong, utilized 6,028 concrete modules for assembly, reducing the construction and delivery period for five nearly 100-meter-high residential buildings from 2.5-3 years to just 1 year.
2. Cost Optimization: The renovation project of Building 8 on Huapichang Hutong in Xicheng District, Beijing, achieved 'building-block' assembly through truck hoisting, reducing on-site labor by approximately 50% and material waste to below 3%.
3. Environmental Benefits: Factory prefabrication reduces on-site wet operations, significantly lowering noise and dust pollution, and meeting green building standards.

IV. Application Cases and Objectives
Modular construction has established a mature system for high-rise applications. For example, the Shenzhen project achieved objectives such as a construction period reduction of over 60%, controllable quality, and energy efficiency through standardized design and industrialized production, providing a replicable technical path for urban renewal.